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Extinction limits and structure of counterflow nonpremixed hydrogen-doped ammonia/air flames at elevated temperatures

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  • Choi, Sun
  • Lee, Seungro
  • Kwon, Oh Chae

Abstract

The present study demonstrates the potential of hydrogen (H2)-doped ammonia (NH3) as a carbon-free fuel. The extinction limits, flame temperature and morphology of the counterflow nonpremixed NH3–H2/air flames at elevated temperatures and normal pressure are experimentally determined. Also, the detailed flame structure and the extinction limits are computed using a detailed kinetic mechanism. Results show that the blow-off limits, the concentration of radicals H, OH and O and the maximum flame temperature are enhanced with H2 substitution in NH3/air flames. This supports the potential of H2 as an additive for improving the reactivity and ignition of nonpremixed NH3/air flames and thus the potential of H2-doped NH3 as a carbon-free fuel. Meanwhile, the extinction limits (in terms of the mole fraction of NH3 in the fuel gas) and the maximum flame temperature are reduced with increasing strain rates, indicating that flames can sustain more NH3 at low strain rates. Also, it is observed that the blow-off limits and the maximum flame temperature are enhanced with increasing air temperature. Measured and predicted tendencies of the extinction limits and temperature for various conditions show encouraging agreement, but quantitative discrepancies among the measurements and predictions merit additional consideration in boundary condition modeling and the reaction mechanism.

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  • Choi, Sun & Lee, Seungro & Kwon, Oh Chae, 2015. "Extinction limits and structure of counterflow nonpremixed hydrogen-doped ammonia/air flames at elevated temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 503-510.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:85:y:2015:i:c:p:503-510
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.061
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    1. Oh, Jeongseog & Noh, Dongsoon & Ko, Changbok, 2013. "The effect of hydrogen addition on the flame behavior of a non-premixed oxy-methane jet in a lab-scale furnace," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 362-369.
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    1. Maria Grazia De Giorgi & Antonio Ficarella & Donato Fontanarosa & Elisa Pescini & Antonio Suma, 2020. "Investigation of the Effects of Plasma Discharges on Methane Decomposition for Combustion Enhancement of a Lean Flame," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Li, Jun & Huang, Hongyu & Deng, Lisheng & He, Zhaohong & Osaka, Yugo & Kobayashi, Noriyuki, 2019. "Effect of hydrogen addition on combustion and heat release characteristics of ammonia flame," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 604-617.
    3. Cai, Tao & Zhao, Dan & Chan, Siew Hwa & Shahsavari, Mohammad, 2022. "Tailoring reduced mechanisms for predicting flame propagation and ignition characteristics in ammonia and ammonia/hydrogen mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    4. Lu, Zhen & Ye, Jianpeng & Gui, Yong & Lu, Tianlong & Shi, Lei & An, Yanzhao & Wang, Tianyou, 2023. "Numerical study of the compression ignition of ammonia in a two-stroke marine engine by using HTCGR strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    5. Olga Gaidukova & Sergei Misyura & Pavel Strizhak, 2022. "Key Areas of Gas Hydrates Study: Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-18, February.
    6. Ali Alnasif & Syed Mashruk & Masao Hayashi & Joanna Jójka & Hao Shi & Akihiro Hayakawa & Agustin Valera-Medina, 2023. "Performance Investigation of Currently Available Reaction Mechanisms in the Estimation of NO Measurements: A Comparative Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-30, April.
    7. Chen, Danan & Li, Jun & Li, Xing & Deng, Lisheng & He, Zhaohong & Huang, Hongyu & Kobayashi, Noriyuki, 2023. "Study on combustion characteristics of hydrogen addition on ammonia flame at a porous burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    8. Lee, Seungro & Padilla, Rosa & Dunn-Rankin, Derek & Pham, Trinh & Kwon, Oh Chae, 2015. "Extinction limits and structure of counterflow nonpremixed H2O-laden CH4/air flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 442-450.
    9. Chai, Wai Siong & Bao, Yulei & Jin, Pengfei & Tang, Guang & Zhou, Lei, 2021. "A review on ammonia, ammonia-hydrogen and ammonia-methane fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    10. Ku, Jae Won & Choi, Sun & Kim, Hee Kyung & Lee, Seungro & Kwon, Oh Chae, 2018. "Extinction limits and structure of counterflow nonpremixed methane-ammonia/air flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 314-325.
    11. Mustafa Alnaeli & Mohammad Alnajideen & Rukshan Navaratne & Hao Shi & Pawel Czyzewski & Ping Wang & Sven Eckart & Ali Alsaegh & Ali Alnasif & Syed Mashruk & Agustin Valera Medina & Philip John Bowen, 2023. "High-Temperature Materials for Complex Components in Ammonia/Hydrogen Gas Turbines: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-46, October.

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