IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v304y2024ics036054422401867x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Facade flame depth coming out from the fire compartment opening subject the external sideward wind

Author

Listed:
  • Sun, Xiepeng
  • Yi, Jiwei
  • Han, Yu
  • Zhang, Xiaolei
  • Tang, Fei
  • Hu, Longhua

Abstract

When a fuel leakage/energy release (i.e., combustion, fire) inside a compartment, the external facade flame characteristics through opening are of great significance for protecting human life and property, as well as assessment of its risk and impact to urban environment. This work investigates facade flame depth coming out from fire compartment opening with fuel combustion/energy release inside the compartment for under-ventilated condition under sideward wind, which is a fundamental parameter in describing facade morphological characteristics in particular building fire, meanwhile still no work can be found in previous studies. Results show that, as sideward wind speed increases, the flame depth first increases a bit then decreases significantly. A CFD simulation is carried out to understand flow field controlling facade flame depth under windless and sideward wind situations. A physical analysis is presented on account of mechanisms of complex interaction among sideward wind inertial, outflow momentum through opening, and flame buoyancy flux are proposed based on controlling mechanisms, which well represents the facade flame depth by a non-dimensional function under sideward wind condition. This study makes an important new contribution comparing with previous knowledge, and has potential practical value for fuel combustion inside confined space and the corresponding numerical model verification.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Xiepeng & Yi, Jiwei & Han, Yu & Zhang, Xiaolei & Tang, Fei & Hu, Longhua, 2024. "Facade flame depth coming out from the fire compartment opening subject the external sideward wind," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:304:y:2024:i:c:s036054422401867x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132093
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422401867X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132093?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Xiaolei & Hu, Longhua & Delichatsios, Michael A. & Zhang, Jianping, 2019. "Experimental study on flame morphologic characteristics of wall attached non-premixed buoyancy driven turbulent flames," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    2. Shi, W.X. & Ji, J. & Sun, J.H. & Lo, S.M. & Li, L.J. & Yuan, X.Y., 2014. "Influence of staircase ventilation state on the airflow and heat transfer of the heated room on the middle floor of high rise building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 173-180.
    3. Zhou, Zhizuan & Li, Maoyu & Zhou, Xiaodong & Ju, Xiaoyu & Yang, Lizhong, 2023. "Investigating thermal runaway characteristics and trigger mechanism of the parallel lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    4. Lawal, Mohammed S. & Fairweather, Michael & Gogolek, Peter & Ingham, Derek B. & Ma, Lin & Pourkashanian, Mohamed & Williams, Alan, 2013. "CFD predictions of wake-stabilised jet flames in a cross-flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 259-269.
    5. Nagy, Karoly & Körmendi, Krisztina, 2012. "Use of renewable energy sources in light of the “New Energy Strategy for Europe 2011–2020”," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 393-399.
    6. Lee, Woo Jin & Shin, Hyun Dong, 2003. "Visual characteristics, including lift-off, of the jet flames in a cross-flow high-temperature burner," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(1-3), pages 257-266, September.
    7. Sun, Xiepeng & Zhang, Xiaolei & Lv, Jiang & Chen, Xiaotao & Hu, Longhua, 2023. "Experimental study on the buoyant turbulent diffusion flame height of various intermittent levels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    8. Chow, W. K., 2004. "Wind-induced indoor-air flow in a high-rise building adjacent to a vertical wall," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(2), pages 225-234, February.
    9. Wan, Huaxian & Gao, Zihe & Ji, Jie & Li, Kaiyuan & Sun, Jinhua & Zhang, Yongming, 2017. "Experimental study on ceiling gas temperature and flame performances of two buoyancy-controlled propane burners located in a tunnel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 573-581.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shang, Fengju & Hu, Longhua & Sun, Xiepeng & Wang, Qiang & Palacios, Adriana, 2017. "Flame downwash length evolution of non-premixed gaseous fuel jets in cross-flow: Experiments and a new correlation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 99-107.
    2. Li, Bo & Wan, Huaxian & Gao, Zihe & Ji, Jie, 2019. "Experimental study on the characteristics of flame merging and tilt angle from twin propane burners under cross wind," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 1200-1209.
    3. Sun, Xiepeng & Zhang, Xiaolei & Lv, Jiang & Chen, Xiaotao & Hu, Longhua, 2023. "Experimental study on the buoyant turbulent diffusion flame height of various intermittent levels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    4. Zhang, Xiaolei & Hu, Longhua & Delichatsios, Michael A. & Zhang, Jianping, 2019. "Experimental study on flame morphologic characteristics of wall attached non-premixed buoyancy driven turbulent flames," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    5. Wang, Qiang & Tang, Fei & Zhou, Zheng & Liu, Huan & Palacios, Adriana, 2017. "Flame height of axisymmetric gaseous fuel jets restricted by parallel sidewalls: Experiments and theoretical analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 1519-1526.
    6. Tan, Jiawei & Chen, Xingyu & Bu, Yang & Wang, Feng & Wang, Jialing & Huang, Xianan & Hu, Zhenda & Liu, Lin & Lin, Changzhui & Meng, Chao & Lin, Jian & Xie, Shan & Xu, Jinmei & Jing, Rui & Zhao, Yingru, 2024. "Incorporating FFTA based safety assessment of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems in multi-objective optimization for integrated energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 367(C).
    7. He, Deqiang & Teng, Xiaoliang & Chen, Yanjun & Liu, Bin & Wang, Heliang & Li, Xianwang & Ma, Rui, 2022. "Energy saving in metro ventilation system based on multi-factor analysis and air characteristics of piston vent," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    8. Jin, Jian & Wang, Hongsheng & Shen, Yili & Shu, Ziyun & Liu, Taixiu & Li, Wenjia, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of methane to methanol through a two-step process driven by concentrated solar energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    9. Horschig, Thomas & Adams, Paul W.R. & Röder, Mirjam & Thornley, Patricia & Thrän, Daniela, 2016. "Reasonable potential for GHG savings by anaerobic biomethane in Germany and UK derived from economic and ecological analyses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 840-852.
    10. Li, Kuijie & Chen, Long & Gao, Xinlei & Lu, Yao & Wang, Depeng & Zhang, Weixin & Wu, Weixiong & Han, Xuebing & Cao, Yuan-cheng & Wen, Jinyu & Cheng, Shijie & Ouyang, Minggao, 2024. "Implementing expansion force-based early warning in LiFePO4 batteries with various states of charge under thermal abuse scenarios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    11. Xiaoshu Lü & Tao Lu & Tong Yang & Heidi Salonen & Zhenxue Dai & Peter Droege & Hongbing Chen, 2021. "Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings Based on Fluid Dynamics Models: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-23, August.
    12. Liobikienė, Genovaitė & Butkus, Mindaugas, 2017. "The European Union possibilities to achieve targets of Europe 2020 and Paris agreement climate policy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 298-309.
    13. Yadav, Jaykumar & Ramesh, A., 2018. "Injection strategies for reducing smoke and improving the performance of a butanol-diesel common rail dual fuel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1-12.
    14. Liu, Minzhang & Zhu, Chunguang & Zhang, Huan & Zheng, Wandong & You, Shijun & Campana, Pietro Elia & Yan, Jinyue, 2019. "The environment and energy consumption of a subway tunnel by the influence of piston wind," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C), pages 11-23.
    15. Tang, Fei & Hu, Peng & Shi, Congling, 2021. "Ceiling thermal impingement spread characteristics induced by wall-attached fires under various sub-atmospheric pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    16. José-Luis Casteleiro-Roca & Francisco José Vivas & Francisca Segura & Antonio Javier Barragán & Jose Luis Calvo-Rolle & José Manuel Andújar, 2020. "Hybrid Intelligent Modelling in Renewable Energy Sources-Based Microgrid. A Variable Estimation of the Hydrogen Subsystem Oriented to the Energy Management Strategy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
    17. Shi, W.X. & Ji, J. & Sun, J.H. & Lo, S.M. & Li, L.J. & Yuan, X.Y., 2014. "Influence of staircase ventilation state on the airflow and heat transfer of the heated room on the middle floor of high rise building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 173-180.
    18. Hurmekoski, Elias & Hetemäki, Lauri, 2013. "Studying the future of the forest sector: Review and implications for long-term outlook studies," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 17-29.
    19. Gao, Zihe & Wan, Huaxian & Ji, Jie & Bi, Yubo, 2019. "Experimental prediction on the performance and propagation of ceiling jets under the influence of wall confinement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 378-385.
    20. Su, Kun & Ouyang, Ziqu & Wang, Hongshuai & Ding, Hongliang & Zhang, Jinyang & Wang, Wenyu, 2024. "Effects of activated fuel and staged secondary air distributions on purification, combustion and NOx emission characteristics of pulverized coal with purification-combustion technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:304:y:2024:i:c:s036054422401867x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.