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Ceiling thermal impingement spread characteristics induced by wall-attached fires under various sub-atmospheric pressures

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  • Tang, Fei
  • Hu, Peng
  • Shi, Congling

Abstract

Ceiling thermal impingement fire spread induced by indoor uncontrollable energy combustion occurred frequently and caused many casualties and property damage. The sub-atmospheric pressure environment has a great impact on uncontrollable energy combustion characteristics of hazardous combustible gaseous fuel fire. China west high-altitude cities develop rapidly due to the economic development, and fire accidents frequently occur. This paper focused on experimentally studying the ceiling fire impingement hazard characteristics induced by wall-attached fires under sub-atmospheric pressures, the various sub-atmospheric pressures (from 55 kPa to 100 kPa), energy heat release rates (from 0.25 kW to 2.5 kW), and source-ceiling heights (0.475 m, 0.38 m, 0.285 m, 0.19 m and 0.095 m) were selected as an variable. The ceiling flame extension lengths of facing and lateral directions were measured and analyzed. Result showed that, the dimensionless ceiling flame extension area is higher in sub-atmospheric pressures. There are many differences between them due to the lower buoyancy in various sub-atmospheric pressures. By accounting for the air entrainment change characterization, it is found that the air entrainment of wall-attached propane jet fire is weaker in sub-atmospheric pressures. The influence of pressure on the flame expansion area is related to the 4/5 power of the ratio of the entrainment coefficient ((α/α100)4/5). And a new model was finally obtained to correlate ceiling flame extension area induced by wall-attached fires with various sub-atmospheric pressures. This work provides can help understand ceiling impingement flow and hazard characteristics under various sub-atmospheric pressures.

Suggested Citation

  • Tang, Fei & Hu, Peng & Shi, Congling, 2021. "Ceiling thermal impingement spread characteristics induced by wall-attached fires under various sub-atmospheric pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:215:y:2021:i:pb:s0360544220322349
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119127
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Shi, Congling & Deng, Lei & Ren, Fei & Tang, Fei, 2023. "Experimental study on the flame height evolution of two adjacent hydrocarbon pool fires under transverse air flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    2. Qi, Zhenyao & Hu, Haowei & Ji, Jie, 2024. "Investigation on the burning behaviors of the combustible ceiling with the impingement of an incipient fire source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    3. Deng, Lei & Tang, Fei & Wang, Xinkai, 2021. "Uncontrollable combustion characteristics of energy storage oil pool: Modelling of mass loss rate and flame merging time of annular pools," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    4. Wang, Zhenhua & Jiang, Juncheng & Wang, Guanghu & Ni, Lei & Pan, Yong & Li, Meng, 2023. "Flame morphologic characteristics of horizontally oriented jet fires impinging on a vertical plate: Experiments and theoretical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).

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