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Assessing the cyclic variability of combustion and NO emissions in hydrogen-methane fueled HSSI engine via quasi-dimensional modeling under the influence of flame-kernel turbulence and equivalence ratio variation mechanisms

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  • Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C.
  • Rakopoulos, Constantine D.
  • Kosmadakis, George M.
  • Mavropoulos, George C.

Abstract

This paper assesses the cyclic variability (cycle-by-cycle variations (CCV)) of combustion, performance and nitric oxide (NO) emissions in high-speed (HS), spark-ignition (SI) engine fueled with hydrogen-enriched methane (CH4), for which experimental data are available. Thus, in-house, two-zone, quasi-dimensional turbulent combustion model is used that closely trails the flame-front movement, which was validated before regarding performance, emissions, exergy, and CCV for gasoline- or methane-run HSSI engines. It is enhanced herein to study CCV of performance, combustion, and NO emissions, with engine fueled by various hydrogen-methane blends (up to 50 % by vol. hydrogen) and equivalence ratios (EQR). Hence, the influence of flame-kernel turbulence and EQR variation mechanisms on CCV attributes is considered and assessed. The numerical results are compared with measured data of cylinder pressure, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), and NO emissions at ‘steady’ conditions, and further for validation against available experimental CCV results for IMEP at all operating conditions. That CCV analysis is extended to peak pressure, IMEP, and NO emissions using coefficients of variation (COV), frequency distributions, and pertinent diagrams illuminating their cycle-by-cycle variations. The CCV variations decrease with hydrogen content in the blend whereas they increase with the mixture leanness delineating the relative merits of the two mechanisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Kosmadakis, George M. & Mavropoulos, George C., 2024. "Assessing the cyclic variability of combustion and NO emissions in hydrogen-methane fueled HSSI engine via quasi-dimensional modeling under the influence of flame-kernel turbulence and equivalence rat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:288:y:2024:i:c:s0360544223032073
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.129813
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Kosmadakis, George M. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G., 2020. "Exergy assessment of combustion and EGR and load effects in DI diesel engine using comprehensive two-zone modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
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    3. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Kosmadakis, George M. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G., 2019. "Experimental comparative assessment of butanol or ethanol diesel-fuel extenders impact on combustion features, cyclic irregularity, and regulated emissions balance in heavy-duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 1145-1157.
    4. Hazar, Hanbey & Tekdogan, Remziye & Sevinc, Huseyin, 2021. "Determination of the effects of oxygen-enriched air with the help of zeolites on the exhaust emission and performance of a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    5. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C. & Andritsakis, Eleftherios C. & Mavropoulos, George C., 2022. "Exergy evaluation of equivalence ratio, compression ratio and residual gas effects in variable compression ratio spark-ignition engine using quasi-dimensional combustion modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    6. Theodoros C. Zannis & John S. Katsanis & Georgios P. Christopoulos & Elias A. Yfantis & Roussos G. Papagiannakis & Efthimios G. Pariotis & Dimitrios C. Rakopoulos & Constantine D. Rakopoulos & Athanas, 2022. "Marine Exhaust Gas Treatment Systems for Compliance with the IMO 2020 Global Sulfur Cap and Tier III NO x Limits: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-49, May.
    7. George M. Kosmadakis & Constantine D. Rakopoulos, 2019. "A Fast CFD-Based Methodology for Determining the Cyclic Variability and Its Effects on Performance and Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-15, October.
    8. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Mavropoulos, George C. & Kosmadakis, George M., 2018. "Investigating the EGR rate and temperature impact on diesel engine combustion and emissions under various injection timings and loads by comprehensive two-zone modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 990-1014.
    9. Jacob, Ashwin & Ashok, B. & Usman, Kaisan Muhammad & Kulla, D.M., 2022. "Influence of post-injection parameters on the performance of continuous regeneration trap to mitigate greenhouse gas and particulate emissions from CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
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