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Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of the performance of an open-cathode PEM fuel cell with additional cooling channels

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  • Atyabi, Seyed Ali
  • Afshari, Ebrahim
  • Shakarami, Negar

Abstract

Open-cathode polymer membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) uses air as both oxidant and coolant to maintain the required water content of the membrane for stable operation. In this work, the performance of a new strategy for improving cooling in open-cathode PEMFC is assessed and benchmarked against the conventional open-cathode PEMFC under similar operating conditions. With high air stoichiometry on the cathode side, air serves as both an oxidizer and a cooling medium, unlike conventional fuel cells, where cooling channels are installed separately. In order to compare two fuel cell cooling systems accurately, it is necessary to model electrochemical and thermal simulations simultaneously. A three-dimensional multiphase model is developed and results show that embedding separate cooling channels in PEMFC enhances cooling and stabilizing proton transfer across the membrane. While the conventional open-cathode PEMFC revealed lower losses in the polarization curve's activation and concentration loss zones. The case with additional cooling channels exhibited lesser losses in the ohmic zone. Although the difference in maximum output power at 0.65 V voltage reached 6.3 W for the case with additional cooling channels, the parasitic load due to the pressure drop in this fuel cell is 0.34 W, higher than the conventional fuel cell obtained at 0.03 W.

Suggested Citation

  • Atyabi, Seyed Ali & Afshari, Ebrahim & Shakarami, Negar, 2023. "Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of the performance of an open-cathode PEM fuel cell with additional cooling channels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:263:y:2023:i:pa:s0360544222023891
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125507
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Stefanos Tzelepis & Kosmas A. Kavadias & George E. Marnellos, 2023. "A Three-Dimensional Simulation Model for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with Conventional and Bimetallic Catalyst Layers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-26, May.
    6. Qiu, Diankai & Zhou, Xiangyang & Chen, Minxue & Xu, Zhutian & Peng, Linfa, 2023. "Optimization of control strategy for air-cooled PEMFC based on in-situ observation of internal reaction state," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    7. Zhu, Kai-Qi & Ding, Quan & Zhang, Ben-Xi & Xu, Jiang-Hai & Li, Dan-Dan & Yang, Yan-Ru & Lee, Duu-Jong & Wan, Zhong-Min & Wang, Xiao-Dong, 2024. "Performance enhancement of air-cooled PEMFC stack by employing tapered oblique fin channels: Experimental study of a full stack and numerical analysis of a typical single cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 358(C).
    8. Yu, Xianxian & Liu, Yang & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2023. "Endplate effect in an open-cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack: Phenomenon and resolution," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    9. Sun, Yun & Lin, Yixiong & Wang, Qinglian & Yang, Chen & Yin, Wang & Wan, Zhongmin & Qiu, Ting, 2024. "Novel design and numerical investigation of a windward bend flow field for proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).

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