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Experimental comparison of solar methane pyrolysis in gas-phase and molten-tin bubbling tubular reactors

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  • Msheik, Malek
  • Rodat, Sylvain
  • Abanades, Stéphane

Abstract

This study experimentally compares solar methane pyrolysis in gas phase and molten tin for hydrogen and solid carbon production. Molten media are expected to facilitate carbon separation and to enhance solar-to-gas heat transfer. Effects of temperature (1000–1400 °C), gas feed flow rate (0.5–1.0 NL/min), and methane molar fraction in the feed (0.1–0.5) on methane decomposition were investigated in a tubular solar reactor. Methane conversion in molten tin was significantly lower than in gas phase at all temperatures (e.g., 64% vs. 92% at 1300 °C). It was justified by the negligible catalytic activity of tin, the small gas-liquid surface contact (bubble diameter ∼5 mm) and the reduced bubble-tin contact time, in comparison with gas-phase pyrolysis (e.g., 0.83 s vs. 0.5 s for 0.5 NL/min gas feed at 1300 °C). For both routes, a temperature increase (1000–1400 °C) improved methane conversion (gas phase: 2–98%, molten tin: 0–91%). Increasing gas feed flow rate (0.5–1.0 NL/min) decreased conversion (gas phase: 93-85%, molten tin: 64-48% at 1300 °C) by reducing space-time in gas phase (0.83–0.42 s) or by inducing bubbles coalescence in molten tin. Increasing methane molar fraction in the feed generally decreased methane conversion but energy efficiencies were enhanced. The carbon produced in gas-phase pyrolysis was carbon black powder (50–100 nm particle size) and carbon sheets in molten tin.

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  • Msheik, Malek & Rodat, Sylvain & Abanades, Stéphane, 2022. "Experimental comparison of solar methane pyrolysis in gas-phase and molten-tin bubbling tubular reactors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:260:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222018424
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124943
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Malek Msheik & Sylvain Rodat & Stéphane Abanades, 2021. "Methane Cracking for Hydrogen Production: A Review of Catalytic and Molten Media Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-35, May.
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    1. Razmi, Amir Reza & Hanifi, Amir Reza & Shahbakhti, Mahdi, 2024. "Techno-economic analysis of a novel concept for the combination of methane pyrolysis in molten salt with heliostat solar field," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    2. Zhang, Lin & Deng, Chang & Liu, Xiaojing, 2024. "Energy transfer and interaction between liquid metal with water," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Andrzej Mianowski & Mateusz Szul & Tomasz Radko & Aleksander Sobolewski & Tomasz Iluk, 2024. "Literature Review on Thermodynamic and Kinetic Limitations of Thermal Decomposition of Methane," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-33, October.
    4. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2023. "Hydrogen-rich gas as a fuel for the gas turbines: A pathway to lower CO2 emission," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).

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