IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v251y2022ics0360544222007113.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A bilevel conic optimization model for routing and charging of EV fleets serving long distance delivery networks

Author

Listed:
  • Subramanian, Vignesh
  • Feijoo, Felipe
  • Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
  • Melendez, Kevin
  • Das, Tapas K.

Abstract

Recent unveiling of electric semi-trucks by a number of electric vehicle manufacturers indicates that part of the existing long-distance transportation fleets may soon be electrified. Operators of electric fleets will have to select travel routes considering charging station availability and cost of charging in addition to usual factors such as congestion and travel time. This requires combined modeling of transportation and electric power networks. We present such a model that considers interactions between the two networks to develop optimal routing strategies. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective bilevel conic optimization model. The upper level obtains the routing decision by minimizing a function of charging cost and travel time. The routing decision is used in the lower level that solves the AC optimal power flow model, using second order cone constraints, to determine nodal electricity prices. The model is demonstrated using a numerical problem with 24-Node transport network supported by a modified 5-Bus PJM network. The results show that our model yields optimal routes and charging strategies to meet the objectives of fleet operators. Results also indicate that the optimal routing and charging strategies of the electrified transportation fleet can support power networks to reduce nodal prices via demand response.

Suggested Citation

  • Subramanian, Vignesh & Feijoo, Felipe & Sankaranarayanan, Sriram & Melendez, Kevin & Das, Tapas K., 2022. "A bilevel conic optimization model for routing and charging of EV fleets serving long distance delivery networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:251:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222007113
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123808
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222007113
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123808?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Melendez, Kevin A. & Das, Tapas K. & Kwon, Changhyun, 2020. "Optimal operation of a system of charging hubs and a fleet of shared autonomous electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    2. He, Lifu & Yang, Jun & Yan, Jun & Tang, Yufei & He, Haibo, 2016. "A bi-layer optimization based temporal and spatial scheduling for large-scale electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 179-192.
    3. Bosetti, Valentina & Longden, Thomas, 2013. "Light duty vehicle transportation and global climate policy: The importance of electric drive vehicles," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 209-219.
    4. Feijoo, Felipe & Das, Tapas K., 2015. "Emissions control via carbon policies and microgrid generation: A bilevel model and Pareto analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1545-1555.
    5. Aghajani, Saemeh & Kalantar, Mohsen, 2017. "Operational scheduling of electric vehicles parking lot integrated with renewable generation based on bilevel programming approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 422-432.
    6. Manríquez, Francisco & Sauma, Enzo & Aguado, José & de la Torre, Sebastián & Contreras, Javier, 2020. "The impact of electric vehicle charging schemes in power system expansion planning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    7. Subramanian, Vignesh & Das, Tapas K., 2019. "A two-layer model for dynamic pricing of electricity and optimal charging of electric vehicles under price spikes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 1266-1277.
    8. Noel, Lance & Zarazua de Rubens, Gerardo & Kester, Johannes & Sovacool, Benjamin K., 2018. "Beyond emissions and economics: Rethinking the co-benefits of electric vehicles (EVs) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G)," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 130-137.
    9. Kyle, Page & Kim, Son H., 2011. "Long-term implications of alternative light-duty vehicle technologies for global greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy demands," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 3012-3024, May.
    10. Kong, Weiwei & Luo, Yugong & Feng, Guixuan & Li, Keqiang & Peng, Huei, 2019. "Optimal location planning method of fast charging station for electric vehicles considering operators, drivers, vehicles, traffic flow and power grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    11. Melendez, Kevin A. & Subramanian, Vignesh & Das, Tapas K. & Kwon, Changhyun, 2019. "Empowering end-use consumers of electricity to aggregate for demand-side participation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 372-382.
    12. Burak Kocuk & Santanu S. Dey & X. Andy Sun, 2016. "Strong SOCP Relaxations for the Optimal Power Flow Problem," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 64(6), pages 1177-1196, December.
    13. Loeb, Benjamin & Kockelman, Kara M., 2019. "Fleet performance and cost evaluation of a shared autonomous electric vehicle (SAEV) fleet: A case study for Austin, Texas," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 374-385.
    14. Carleton Coffrin & Pascal Van Hentenryck, 2014. "A Linear-Programming Approximation of AC Power Flows," INFORMS Journal on Computing, INFORMS, vol. 26(4), pages 718-734, November.
    15. Martino Tran & David Banister & Justin D. K. Bishop & Malcolm D. McCulloch, 2012. "Realizing the electric-vehicle revolution," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(5), pages 328-333, May.
    16. Feijoo, Felipe & Das, Tapas K., 2014. "Design of Pareto optimal CO2 cap-and-trade policies for deregulated electricity networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 371-383.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Harasis, Salman & Khan, Irfan & Massoud, Ahmed, 2024. "Enabling large-scale integration of electric bus fleets in harsh environments: Possibilities, potentials, and challenges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    2. Basso, Franco & Feijoo, Felipe & Pezoa, Raúl & Varas, Mauricio & Vidal, Brian, 2024. "The impact of electromobility in public transport: An estimation of energy consumption using disaggregated data in Santiago, Chile," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Paudel, Diwas & Das, Tapas K., 2023. "A deep reinforcement learning approach for power management of battery-assisted fast-charging EV hubs participating in day-ahead and real-time electricity markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Ou, Yang & Kittner, Noah & Babaee, Samaneh & Smith, Steven J. & Nolte, Christopher G. & Loughlin, Daniel H., 2021. "Evaluating long-term emission impacts of large-scale electric vehicle deployment in the US using a human-Earth systems model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    3. Aghajani, Saemeh & Kalantar, Mohsen, 2017. "Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources in smart grids: A complementarity approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2135-2144.
    4. Bosetti, Valentina & Longden, Thomas, 2013. "Light duty vehicle transportation and global climate policy: The importance of electric drive vehicles," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 209-219.
    5. Amigo, Pía & Cea-Echenique, Sebastián & Feijoo, Felipe, 2021. "A two stage cap-and-trade model with allowance re-trading and capacity investment: The case of the Chilean NDC targets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    6. Feijoo, Felipe & Huppmann, Daniel & Sakiyama, Larissa & Siddiqui, Sauleh, 2016. "North American natural gas model: Impact of cross-border trade with Mexico," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1084-1095.
    7. Melendez, Kevin A. & Das, Tapas K. & Kwon, Changhyun, 2020. "Optimal operation of a system of charging hubs and a fleet of shared autonomous electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    8. Matamala, Yolanda & Flores, Francisco & Arriet, Andrea & Khan, Zarrar & Feijoo, Felipe, 2023. "Probabilistic feasibility assessment of sequestration reliance for climate targets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    9. Pietzcker, Robert C. & Longden, Thomas & Chen, Wenying & Fu, Sha & Kriegler, Elmar & Kyle, Page & Luderer, Gunnar, 2014. "Long-term transport energy demand and climate policy: Alternative visions on transport decarbonization in energy-economy models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 95-108.
    10. David McCollum & Volker Krey & Peter Kolp & Yu Nagai & Keywan Riahi, 2014. "Transport electrification: A key element for energy system transformation and climate stabilization," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 651-664, April.
    11. Cai, Yongxia & Woollacott, Jared & Beach, Robert H. & Rafelski, Lauren E. & Ramig, Christopher & Shelby, Michael, 2023. "Insights from adding transportation sector detail into an economy-wide model: The case of the ADAGE CGE model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    12. Hirte, Georg & Tscharaktschiew, Stefan, 2013. "The optimal subsidy on electric vehicles in German metropolitan areas: A spatial general equilibrium analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 515-528.
    13. Matamala, Yolanda & Feijoo, Felipe, 2021. "A two-stage stochastic Stackelberg model for microgrid operation with chance constraints for renewable energy generation uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    14. Bertrand Corn'elusse & Iacopo Savelli & Simone Paoletti & Antonio Giannitrapani & Antonio Vicino, 2018. "A Community Microgrid Architecture with an Internal Local Market," Papers 1810.09803, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2019.
    15. Zohrizadeh, Fariba & Josz, Cedric & Jin, Ming & Madani, Ramtin & Lavaei, Javad & Sojoudi, Somayeh, 2020. "A survey on conic relaxations of optimal power flow problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 287(2), pages 391-409.
    16. Saeid Esmaeili & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam & Shahram Jadid, 2019. "Optimal Operational Scheduling of Reconfigurable Multi-Microgrids Considering Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, May.
    17. Sander Claeys & Marta Vanin & Frederik Geth & Geert Deconinck, 2021. "Applications of optimization models for electricity distribution networks," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(5), September.
    18. Kverndokk, Snorre & Figenbaum, Erik & Hovi, Jon, 2020. "Would my driving pattern change if my neighbor were to buy an emission-free car?," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    19. Kwag, Kyuhyeong & Shin, Hansol & Oh, Hyobin & Yun, Sangmin & Kim, Tae Hyun & Hwang, Pyeong-Ik & Kim, Wook, 2023. "Bilevel programming approach for the quantitative analysis of renewable portfolio standards considering the electricity market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    20. Harasis, Salman & Khan, Irfan & Massoud, Ahmed, 2024. "Enabling large-scale integration of electric bus fleets in harsh environments: Possibilities, potentials, and challenges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:251:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222007113. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.