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Thermal efficiency gains enabled by using CO2 mixtures in supercritical power cycles

Author

Listed:
  • Crespi, F.
  • Rodríguez de Arriba, P.
  • Sánchez, D.
  • Ayub, A.
  • Di Marcoberardino, G.
  • Invernizzi, C.M.
  • Martínez, G.S.
  • Iora, P.
  • Di Bona, D.
  • Binotti, M.
  • Manzolini, G.

Abstract

The present paper explores the utilisation of dopants to increase the critical temperature of Carbon Dioxide (sCO2) as a solution towards maintaining the high thermal efficiencies of sCO2 cycles even when ambient temperatures compromise their feasibility. To this end, the impact of adopting CO2-based mixtures on the performance of power blocks representative of Concentrated Solar Power plants is explored, considering two possible dopants: hexafluorobenzene (C6F6) and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). The analysis is applied to a well-known cycle -Recuperated Rankine- and a less common layout -Precompression-. The latter is found capable of fully exploiting the interesting features of these non-conventional working fluids, enabling thermal efficiencies up to 2.3% higher than the simple recuperative configuration. Different scenarios for maximum cycle pressure (250–300 bar), turbine inlet temperature (550–700 °C) and working fluid composition (10–25% molar fraction of dopant) are considered. The results in this work show that CO2-blends with 15–25%(v) of the cited dopants enable efficiencies well in excess of 50% for minimum cycle temperatures as high as 50 °C. To verify this potential gain, the most representative pure sCO2 cycles have been optimised at two minimum cycle temperatures (32 °C and 50°C), proving the superiority of the proposed blended technology in high ambient temperature applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Crespi, F. & Rodríguez de Arriba, P. & Sánchez, D. & Ayub, A. & Di Marcoberardino, G. & Invernizzi, C.M. & Martínez, G.S. & Iora, P. & Di Bona, D. & Binotti, M. & Manzolini, G., 2022. "Thermal efficiency gains enabled by using CO2 mixtures in supercritical power cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:238:y:2022:i:pc:s0360544221021472
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121899
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Costante Mario Invernizzi, 2017. "Prospects of Mixtures as Working Fluids in Real-Gas Brayton Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Bonalumi, D. & Lasala, S. & Macchi, E., 2020. "CO2-TiCl4 working fluid for high-temperature heat source power cycles and solar application," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P3), pages 2842-2854.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rodríguez-deArriba, Pablo & Crespi, Francesco & Sánchez, David & Muñoz, Antonio & Sánchez, Tomás, 2022. "The potential of transcritical cycles based on CO2 mixtures: An exergy-based analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1606-1628.
    2. Gómez-Hernández, J. & Grimes, R. & Briongos, J.V. & Marugán-Cruz, C. & Santana, D., 2023. "Carbon dioxide and acetone mixtures as refrigerants for industry heat pumps to supply temperature in the range 150–220 oC," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    3. Marchionni, Matteo & Usman, Muhammad & Chai, Lei & Tassou, Savvas A., 2023. "Inventory control assessment for small scale sCO2 heat to power conversion systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    4. Yang, Yueming & Wang, Xurong & Hooman, Kamel & Han, Kuihua & Xu, Jinliang & He, Suoying & Qi, Jianhui, 2023. "Effect of CO2-based binary mixtures on the performance of radial-inflow turbines for the supercritical CO2 cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    5. Liang, Yaran & Lin, Xinxing & Su, Wen & Xing, Lingli & Zhou, Naijun, 2023. "Thermal-economic analysis of a novel solar power tower system with CO2-based mixtures at typical days of four seasons," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).

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