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An Overview of Real Gas Brayton Power Cycles: Working Fluids Selection and Thermodynamic Implications

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  • Costante Mario Invernizzi

    (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Gioele Di Marcoberardino

    (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

This paper discusses and reviews the main real gas effects on the thermodynamic performance of closed Brayton cycles. Cycles with carbon dioxide as working fluids are taken as a reference and a comparison of the thermodynamic cycle efficiencies that are made with other possible working fluids (pure fluids and fluid mixtures). We fixed the reduced operating conditions, in optimal conditions, so that all working fluids had the same thermodynamic global performances. Therefore, the choice of the working fluid becomes important for adapting the cycle to the different technological requirements. The positive effects of the real gas properties in supercritical cycles were approximately maximal at reduced minimum cycle temperatures of about 1.01 to 1.05, with maximum to minimum cycle temperatures of about 2.2. The use of mixtures furthers widens the application of the field of closed Brayton cycles, thereby allowing a continuous variation in the critical temperature of the resulting working fluid and, in some cases, also making it possible to take the condensation with a significant further increase in the thermodynamic cycle efficiency. The paper also demonstrates the thermodynamic convenience of resorting to mixtures of carbon dioxide and inert gases. Extensive measurements of vapour–liquid equilibria and analysis of the thermal stability and material compatibility are essential for a practical and full use of the real gas Brayton cycles.

Suggested Citation

  • Costante Mario Invernizzi & Gioele Di Marcoberardino, 2023. "An Overview of Real Gas Brayton Power Cycles: Working Fluids Selection and Thermodynamic Implications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-20, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:3989-:d:1142761
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olumayegun, Olumide & Wang, Meihong & Kelsall, Greg, 2017. "Thermodynamic analysis and preliminary design of closed Brayton cycle using nitrogen as working fluid and coupled to small modular Sodium-cooled fast reactor (SM-SFR)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 436-453.
    2. Di Marcoberardino, G. & Morosini, E. & Manzolini, G., 2022. "Preliminary investigation of the influence of equations of state on the performance of CO2 + C6F6 as innovative working fluid in transcritical cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    3. Crespi, Francesco & Gavagnin, Giacomo & Sánchez, David & Martínez, Gonzalo S., 2017. "Supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for power generation: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 152-183.
    4. Santini, Lorenzo & Accornero, Carlo & Cioncolini, Andrea, 2016. "On the adoption of carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycles for nuclear power conversion: A case study applied to Mochovce 3 Nuclear Power Plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 446-463.
    5. Andrey Rogalev & Nikolay Rogalev & Vladimir Kindra & Ivan Komarov & Olga Zlyvko, 2021. "Research and Development of the Oxy-Fuel Combustion Power Cycles with CO 2 Recirculation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    6. Costante Mario Invernizzi, 2017. "Prospects of Mixtures as Working Fluids in Real-Gas Brayton Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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