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Three-dimensional unsteady stator-rotor interactions in high-expansion organic Rankine cycle turbines

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  • Otero R, Gustavo J.
  • Smit, Stephan H.H.J.
  • Pecnik, Rene

Abstract

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems are a readily available technology to convert thermal energy from renewable- and waste heat sources into electricity. However, their thermal performance is relatively low due to the low temperature of the available heat sources, but more importantly, due to the low efficiency of the employed expander. Designing the turboexpander is exceptionally challenging, because the flow field is highly supersonic and unsteady, and since the expansion takes place in the highly non-ideal dense-vapor region. In this work, we perform unprecedented three-dimensional unsteady simulations of several high-expansion cantilever ORC turbines to highlight distinctive loss mechanisms. The simulations indicate strong unsteady effects in the rotor blade passage, as a result of unsteady propagating shock waves interacting with viscous wakes and boundary layers. Moreover, the flow field in the rotor blade passage is strongly affected by three-dimensional secondary flow features and a sharp expansion in the shroud region at the inlet of the rotor blade. These span-wise mechanisms and unsteady flow interactions introduce irreversible losses which must be taken into account for designing highly efficient ORC expanders.

Suggested Citation

  • Otero R, Gustavo J. & Smit, Stephan H.H.J. & Pecnik, Rene, 2021. "Three-dimensional unsteady stator-rotor interactions in high-expansion organic Rankine cycle turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:217:y:2021:i:c:s0360544220324464
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119339
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Persico, Giacomo & Romei, Alessandro & Dossena, Vincenzo & Gaetani, Paolo, 2018. "Impact of shape-optimization on the unsteady aerodynamics and performance of a centrifugal turbine for ORC applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 2-11.
    2. Sauret, Emilie & Gu, Yuantong, 2014. "Three-dimensional off-design numerical analysis of an organic Rankine cycle radial-inflow turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 202-211.
    3. Sciacovelli, A. & Verda, V. & Sciubba, E., 2015. "Entropy generation analysis as a design tool—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1167-1181.
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    Cited by:

    1. Choi, Seungyeong & Bang, Minho & Park, Hee Seung & Heo, Jeonghun & Cho, Myung Hwan & Cho, Hyung Hee, 2024. "Machine learning-assisted effective thermal management of rotor-stator systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Matar, Camille & Cinnella, Paola & Gloerfelt, Xavier & Reinker, Felix & aus der Wiesche, Stefan, 2023. "Investigation of non-ideal gas flows around a circular cylinder," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).

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