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Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery

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  • Dumont, O.
  • Lemort, V.

Abstract

The growth of renewable energy requires flexible, low-cost and efficient electrical storage to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES or Carnot battery) converts electric energy to thermal energy with a heat pump (or another heating system) when electricity production is greater than demand; when electricity demand outstrips production the PTES generates power from two thermal storage reservoirs (possibly a Rankine cycle mode). Classical PTES architectures do not achieve more than 60% roundtrip electric efficiency. However, innovative architectures, using waste heat recovery (thermally integrated PTES) are able to reach electrical power production of the power cycle larger than the electrical power consumption of the heat pump, increasing the value of the technology. In this paper, a general model is developed to draw mappings of performance depending on the two main inputs (waste heat and ambient air temperatures). Whatever the storage configurations, the best performances are reached when the waste heat temperature is high, the air temperature is low, and the lift of the heat pump is low. Finally, the thermally integrated PTES technology is compared with other technologies of energy storages and is theoretically promising due to its high roundtrip efficiency, its low specific price and no specific geographical conditions.

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  • Dumont, O. & Lemort, V., 2020. "Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:211:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220320703
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118963
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    3. Weitzer, Maximilian & Müller, Dominik & Karl, Jürgen, 2022. "Two-phase expansion processes in heat pump – ORC systems (Carnot batteries) with volumetric machines for enhanced off-design efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 720-732.
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    5. Koide, Hiroaki & Kurniawan, Ade & Takahashi, Tatsuya & Kawaguchi, Takahiro & Sakai, Hiroki & Sato, Yusuke & Chiu, Justin NW. & Nomura, Takahiro, 2022. "Performance analysis of packed bed latent heat storage system for high-temperature thermal energy storage using pellets composed of micro-encapsulated phase change material," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    6. Scharrer, Daniel & Bazan, Peter & Pruckner, Marco & German, Reinhard, 2022. "Simulation and analysis of a Carnot Battery consisting of a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle for a domestic application in a community with varying number of houses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    7. Chen, Yuzhu & Hu, Xiaojian & Xu, Wentao & Xu, Qiliang & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of a solar-driven trigeneration system considering power-to-heat storage and carbon tax," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    8. José Ignacio Linares & Arturo Martín-Colino & Eva Arenas & María José Montes & Alexis Cantizano & José Rubén Pérez-Domínguez, 2023. "Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO 2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, May.
    9. Emanuele Nadalon & Ronelly De Souza & Melchiorre Casisi & Mauro Reini, 2023. "Part-Load Energy Performance Assessment of a Pumped Thermal Energy Storage System for an Energy Community," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-30, July.
    10. Sui, Yunren & Lin, Haosheng & Ding, Zhixiong & Li, Fuxiang & Sui, Zengguang & Wu, Wei, 2024. "Compact, efficient, and affordable absorption Carnot battery for long-term renewable energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    11. Zhao, Yongliang & Song, Jian & Liu, Ming & Zhao, Yao & Olympios, Andreas V. & Sapin, Paul & Yan, Junjie & Markides, Christos N., 2022. "Thermo-economic assessments of pumped-thermal electricity storage systems employing sensible heat storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 431-456.
    12. Alsagri, Ali Sulaiman, 2023. "An innovative design of solar-assisted carnot battery for multigeneration of power, cooling, and process heating: Techno-economic analysis and optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 375-385.

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