IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v203y2020ics0360544220310203.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A multiscale numerical framework coupled with control strategies for simulating a wind farm in complex terrain

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Qiang
  • Luo, Kun
  • Yuan, Renyu
  • Wang, Shuai
  • Fan, Jianren
  • Cen, Kefa

Abstract

Improving the accuracy of the evaluation on the performance of wind farms in complex terrain under the actual atmosphere is crucial to the sustainable development of wind power. To this end, a multiscale numerical framework (MNF) integrating the WRF model coupled with a wind farm parameterization and a LES model embedded with the wind turbine control strategies is developed. An interface for data exchange between the WRF and LES models is established. The simulated nacelle velocity and the generator power results agree well with the observations, proving that the MNF is capable of assessing the flow behavior and performance of a realistic onshore wind farm in complex terrain. Besides, the impacts of terrain on the operating process for wind turbines over the hill under the dynamic inflow condition are quantified. The results show that the wind turbine at the top of the hill can cut in the rated-state earlier and cut out later, which improves the power output by 5.5%, indicating that the total generation of wind farms can be enhanced by making full use of terrain acceleration. This high-fidelity multiscale numerical framework is expected to be an effective tool for the siting and optimization of wind farms.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Qiang & Luo, Kun & Yuan, Renyu & Wang, Shuai & Fan, Jianren & Cen, Kefa, 2020. "A multiscale numerical framework coupled with control strategies for simulating a wind farm in complex terrain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:203:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220310203
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117913
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544220310203
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117913?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Qing'an & Kamada, Yasunari & Maeda, Takao & Murata, Junsuke & Iida, Kohei & Okumura, Yuta, 2016. "Fundamental study on aerodynamic force of floating offshore wind turbine with cyclic pitch mechanism," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 20-31.
    2. Sharma, V. & Cortina, G. & Margairaz, F. & Parlange, M.B. & Calaf, M., 2018. "Evolution of flow characteristics through finite-sized wind farms and influence of turbine arrangement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1196-1208.
    3. Bai, Chi-Jeng & Wang, Wei-Cheng, 2016. "Review of computational and experimental approaches to analysis of aerodynamic performance in horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 506-519.
    4. Fleming, Paul A. & Gebraad, Pieter M.O. & Lee, Sang & van Wingerden, Jan-Willem & Johnson, Kathryn & Churchfield, Matt & Michalakes, John & Spalart, Philippe & Moriarty, Patrick, 2014. "Evaluating techniques for redirecting turbine wakes using SOWFA," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 211-218.
    5. Quallen, Sean & Xing, Tao, 2016. "CFD simulation of a floating offshore wind turbine system using a variable-speed generator-torque controller," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 230-242.
    6. Carvalho, D. & Rocha, A. & Gómez-Gesteira, M. & Silva Santos, C., 2014. "Sensitivity of the WRF model wind simulation and wind energy production estimates to planetary boundary layer parameterizations for onshore and offshore areas in the Iberian Peninsula," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 234-246.
    7. Subramanian, B. & Chokani, N. & Abhari, R.S., 2016. "Aerodynamics of wind turbine wakes in flat and complex terrains," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 454-463.
    8. Stevens, Richard J.A.M. & Martínez-Tossas, Luis A. & Meneveau, Charles, 2018. "Comparison of wind farm large eddy simulations using actuator disk and actuator line models with wind tunnel experiments," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 470-478.
    9. Willis, D.J. & Niezrecki, C. & Kuchma, D. & Hines, E. & Arwade, S.R. & Barthelmie, R.J. & DiPaola, M. & Drane, P.J. & Hansen, C.J. & Inalpolat, M. & Mack, J.H. & Myers, A.T. & Rotea, M., 2018. "Wind energy research: State-of-the-art and future research directions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 133-154.
    10. Dzebre, Denis E.K. & Adaramola, Muyiwa S., 2020. "A preliminary sensitivity study of Planetary Boundary Layer parameterisation schemes in the weather research and forecasting model to surface winds in coastal Ghana," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 66-86.
    11. Yuan, Renyu & Ji, Wenju & Luo, Kun & Wang, Jianwen & Zhang, Sanxia & Wang, Qiang & Fan, Jianren & Ni, MingJiang & Cen, Kefa, 2017. "Coupled wind farm parameterization with a mesoscale model for simulations of an onshore wind farm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 113-125.
    12. Wu, Yu-Ting & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2015. "Modeling turbine wakes and power losses within a wind farm using LES: An application to the Horns Rev offshore wind farm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 945-955.
    13. Ren, Guorui & Liu, Jinfu & Wan, Jie & Guo, Yufeng & Yu, Daren, 2017. "Overview of wind power intermittency: Impacts, measurements, and mitigation solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 47-65.
    14. Carvalho, D. & Rocha, A. & Santos, C. Silva & Pereira, R., 2013. "Wind resource modelling in complex terrain using different mesoscale–microscale coupling techniques," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 493-504.
    15. Böhme, Gustavo S. & Fadigas, Eliane A. & Gimenes, André L.V. & Tassinari, Carlos E.M., 2018. "Wake effect measurement in complex terrain - A case study in Brazilian wind farms," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 277-283.
    16. Yan, Shu & Shi, Shaoping & Chen, Xinming & Wang, Xiaodong & Mao, Linzhi & Liu, Xiaojie, 2018. "Numerical simulations of flow interactions between steep hill terrain and large scale wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 740-747.
    17. Yang, Xiaolei & Pakula, Maggie & Sotiropoulos, Fotis, 2018. "Large-eddy simulation of a utility-scale wind farm in complex terrain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 767-777.
    18. Kuo, Jim Y.J. & Romero, David A. & Beck, J. Christopher & Amon, Cristina H., 2016. "Wind farm layout optimization on complex terrains – Integrating a CFD wake model with mixed-integer programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 404-414.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yadong Jiang & William Finnegan & Tomas Flanagan & Jamie Goggins, 2022. "Optimisation of Highly Efficient Composite Blades for Retrofitting Existing Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Mattia Silei & Stefania Bellavia & Francesco Superchi & Alessandro Bianchini, 2023. "Recovering Corrupted Data in Wind Farm Measurements: A Matrix Completion Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-32, February.
    3. Pedruzzi, Rizzieri & Silva, Allan Rodrigues & Soares dos Santos, Thalyta & Araujo, Allan Cavalcante & Cotta Weyll, Arthur Lúcide & Lago Kitagawa, Yasmin Kaore & Nunes da Silva Ramos, Diogo & Milani de, 2023. "Review of mapping analysis and complementarity between solar and wind energy sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    4. Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Gao, Xiaoxia, 2023. "Investigation into wind turbine wake effect on complex terrain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    5. De Moliner, Giorgia & Giani, Paolo & Lonati, Giovanni & Crippa, Paola, 2024. "Sensitivity of multiscale large Eddy simulations for wind power calculations in complex terrain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    6. Wang, Qi & Suo, Ruixia & Han, Qiutong, 2024. "A study on natural gas consumption forecasting in China using the LMDI-PSO-LSTM model: Factor decomposition and scenario analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    7. Wang, Qiang & Luo, Kun & Wu, Chunlei & Zhu, Zhaofan & Fan, Jianren, 2022. "Mesoscale simulations of a real onshore wind power base in complex terrain: Wind farm wake behavior and power production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Qiang & Luo, Kun & Wu, Chunlei & Zhu, Zhaofan & Fan, Jianren, 2022. "Mesoscale simulations of a real onshore wind power base in complex terrain: Wind farm wake behavior and power production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    2. He, Yuhang & Han, Xingxing & Xu, Chang & Cheng, Zhe & Wang, Jincheng & Liu, Wei & Xu, Dong, 2023. "Sensitivity of simulated wind power under diverse spatial scales and multiple terrains using the weather research and forecasting model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    3. Rivera-Arreba, Irene & Li, Zhaobin & Yang, Xiaolei & Bachynski-Polić, Erin E., 2024. "Comparison of the dynamic wake meandering model against large eddy simulation for horizontal and vertical steering of wind turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    4. Jagdeep Singh & Jahrul M Alam, 2023. "Large-Eddy Simulation of Utility-Scale Wind Farm Sited over Complex Terrain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-26, August.
    5. Andrés Guggeri & Martín Draper, 2019. "Large Eddy Simulation of an Onshore Wind Farm with the Actuator Line Model Including Wind Turbine’s Control below and above Rated Wind Speed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-21, September.
    6. Vasel-Be-Hagh, Ahmadreza & Archer, Cristina L., 2017. "Wind farm hub height optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 905-921.
    7. Zhaobin Li & Xiaohao Liu & Xiaolei Yang, 2022. "Review of Turbine Parameterization Models for Large-Eddy Simulation of Wind Turbine Wakes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-28, September.
    8. Wang, Qiang & Luo, Kun & Yuan, Renyu & Zhang, Sanxia & Fan, Jianren, 2019. "Wake and performance interference between adjacent wind farms: Case study of Xinjiang in China by means of mesoscale simulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 1168-1180.
    9. Wei Li & Shinai Xu & Baiyun Qian & Xiaoxia Gao & Xiaoxun Zhu & Zeqi Shi & Wei Liu & Qiaoliang Hu, 2022. "Large-Scale Wind Turbine’s Load Characteristics Excited by the Wind and Grid in Complex Terrain: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-29, December.
    10. Fei Zhao & Yihan Gao & Tengyuan Wang & Jinsha Yuan & Xiaoxia Gao, 2020. "Experimental Study on Wake Evolution of a 1.5 MW Wind Turbine in a Complex Terrain Wind Farm Based on LiDAR Measurements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, March.
    11. Radünz, William Corrêa & Mattuella, Jussara M. Leite & Petry, Adriane Prisco, 2020. "Wind resource mapping and energy estimation in complex terrain: A framework based on field observations and computational fluid dynamics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 494-515.
    12. Ma, Hongliang & Ge, Mingwei & Wu, Guangxing & Du, Bowen & Liu, Yongqian, 2021. "Formulas of the optimized yaw angles for cooperative control of wind farms with aligned turbines to maximize the power production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    13. Alain Ulazia & Ander Nafarrate & Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi & Jon Sáenz & Sheila Carreno-Madinabeitia, 2019. "The Consequences of Air Density Variations over Northeastern Scotland for Offshore Wind Energy Potential," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-18, July.
    14. Gao, Xiaoxia & Chen, Yao & Xu, Shinai & Gao, Wei & Zhu, Xiaoxun & Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Han, Zhonghe & Wang, Yu & Lu, Hao, 2022. "Comparative experimental investigation into wake characteristics of turbines in three wind farms areas with varying terrain complexity from LiDAR measurements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    15. Zehtabiyan-Rezaie, Navid & Abkar, Mahdi, 2024. "An extended k−ɛ model for wake-flow simulation of wind farms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    16. Dou, Bingzheng & Guala, Michele & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2019. "Experimental investigation of the performance and wake effect of a small-scale wind turbine in a wind tunnel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 819-833.
    17. Ulazia, Alain & Sáenz, Jon & Ibarra-Berastegi, Gabriel & González-Rojí, Santos J. & Carreno-Madinabeitia, Sheila, 2019. "Global estimations of wind energy potential considering seasonal air density changes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    18. Carvalho, D. & Rocha, A. & Gómez-Gesteira, M. & Silva Santos, C., 2017. "Offshore winds and wind energy production estimates derived from ASCAT, OSCAT, numerical weather prediction models and buoys – A comparative study for the Iberian Peninsula Atlantic coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(PB), pages 433-444.
    19. Nguyen, Thi Anh Tuyet & Chou, Shuo-Yan, 2018. "Impact of government subsidies on economic feasibility of offshore wind system: Implications for Taiwan energy policies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 336-345.
    20. Jin, Jingxin & Li, Yilin & Ye, Lin & Xu, Xunjian & Lu, Jiazheng, 2023. "Integration of atmospheric stability in wind resource assessment through multi-scale coupling method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:203:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220310203. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.