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LNG boil-off gas reliquefaction by Brayton refrigeration system – Part 1: Exergy analysis and design of the basic configuration

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  • Kochunni, Sarun Kumar
  • Chowdhury, Kanchan

Abstract

Heat inleak through insulation in the storage tanks produces boil-off gas (BOG) in LNG-carrying ships. Reverse Brayton cycle (RBC) with nitrogen is often chosen as the refrigeration cycle to reliquefy BOG to prevent loss of valuable gas and environmental pollution. In this paper, parametric evaluations of a basic RBC-based reliquefaction system are done based on exergy analysis. The analyses revealed that formation of liquid at turbine exit and close minimum temperature approach/temperature pinch in the BOG condenser plateaus out the improvement of performance of the RBC based reliquefaction system. The specification of equipment and operating parameters are determined to derive the highest savings in terms of power consumption and recovery of BOG. If RBC is operated in the range of 10–50 bara, close to 93% of BOG is reliquefied. Total reliquefaction is possible only if the RBC is designed with compressor suction at 4 bara. However, it increases the sizes of pipelines, compressor and heat exchangers. All parameters are non-dimensionalized to facilitate application of the results to any capacity of LNG-carrying ship. Part 2 of this paper presents the analyses on thermodynamically improved configurations of reliquefaction systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Kochunni, Sarun Kumar & Chowdhury, Kanchan, 2019. "LNG boil-off gas reliquefaction by Brayton refrigeration system – Part 1: Exergy analysis and design of the basic configuration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 753-764.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:176:y:2019:i:c:p:753-764
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.032
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kwak, Dong-Hun & Heo, Jeong-Ho & Park, Seung-Ha & Seo, Seok-Jang & Kim, Jin-Kuk, 2018. "Energy-efficient design and optimization of boil-off gas (BOG) re-liquefaction process for liquefied natural gas (LNG)-fuelled ship," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 915-929.
    2. Shin, Younggy & Lee, Yoon Pyo, 2009. "Design of a boil-off natural gas reliquefaction control system for LNG carriers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 37-44, January.
    3. Thomas, Rijo Jacob & Ghosh, Parthasarathi & Chowdhury, Kanchan, 2012. "Application of exergy analysis in designing helium liquefiers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 207-219.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fang, Zhenhua & Pan, Zhen & Ma, Guiyang & Yu, Jingxian & Shang, Liyan & Zhang, Zhien, 2023. "Exergoeconomic, exergoenvironmental analysis and multi-objective optimization of a novel combined cooling, heating and power system for liquefied natural gas cold energy recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Keuntae Lee & Deuk-Yong Koh & Junseok Ko & Hankil Yeom & Chang-Hyo Son & Jung-In Yoon, 2020. "Design and Performance Test of 2 kW Class Reverse Brayton Cryogenic System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Cao, Xuewen & Yang, Jian & Zhang, Yue & Gao, Song & Bian, Jiang, 2022. "Process optimization, exergy and economic analysis of boil-off gas re-liquefaction processes for LNG carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    4. Sun, Daming & Wang, Chenghong & Shen, Qie, 2024. "A compression-free re-liquefication process of LNG boil-off gas using LNG cold energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    5. Kochunni, Sarun Kumar & Joy, Jubil & Chowdhury, Kanchan, 2019. "LNG boil-off gas reliquefaction by Brayton refrigeration system – Part 2: Improvements over basic configuration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 861-873.
    6. Tomasz Banaszkiewicz & Maciej Chorowski & Wojciech Gizicki & Artur Jedrusyna & Jakub Kielar & Ziemowit Malecha & Agnieszka Piotrowska & Jaroslaw Polinski & Zbigniew Rogala & Korneliusz Sierpowski & Ja, 2020. "Liquefied Natural Gas in Mobile Applications—Opportunities and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-35, October.
    7. Yin, Liang & Ju, Yonglin, 2020. "Design and analysis of a process for directly Re-liquefying BOG using subcooled LNG for LNG carrier," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    8. Kochunni, Sarun Kumar & Chowdhury, Kanchan, 2020. "Use of dual pressure Claude liquefaction cycles for complete and energy-efficient reliquefaction of boil-off gas in LNG carrier ships," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    9. Son, Hyunsoo & Kim, Jin-Kuk, 2020. "Energy-efficient process design and optimization of dual-expansion systems for BOG (Boil-off gas) Re-liquefaction process in LNG-fueled ship," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    10. Yin, Liang & Ju, Yonglin, 2022. "Review on the design and optimization of BOG re-liquefaction process in LNG ship," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    11. Yin, Liang & Ju, Yonglin, 2020. "Conceptual design and analysis of a novel process for BOG re-liquefaction combined with absorption refrigeration cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    12. Bian, Jiang & Yang, Jian & Liu, Yang & Li, Yuxing & Cao, Xuewen, 2022. "Analysis and efficiency enhancement for energy-saving re-liquefaction processes of boil-off gas without external refrigeration cycle on LNG carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).

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