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Ammonia production from algae via integrated hydrothermal gasification, chemical looping, N2 production, and NH3 synthesis

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  • Wijayanta, Agung Tri
  • Aziz, Muhammad

Abstract

Novel integrated system to convert algae to NH3 is proposed with the objective of effective and thorough energy/heat circulation to achieve high total energy efficiency. The integrated system mainly consists of hydrothermal gasification (HTG), chemical looping, N2 production, NH3 synthesis, and power generation. Algae are converted initially to syngas through HTG, which is further converted to CO2 and H2 in chemical looping module. The produced H2 from chemical looping module is reacted with the produced highly-pure N2 from N2 production module to form NH3 in NH3 synthesis module. To realize high energy-efficiency, an enhanced process integration, which simultaneously integrates both exergy recovery and process integration technologies, is applied. Therefore, the energy/heat involved in the integrated system is recirculated thoroughly and used partly for power generation. Macro alga of Cladophora glomerata (Chlorophyta) is used as the sample in the study. The effects of temperature and algae-to-water mass ratio during HTG are evaluated in terms of their influence to the total energy efficiency. From process modeling and calculation using SimSci Pro/II, the proposed integrated-system shows relatively high total energy efficiency of about 38%, including both NH3 and power production, achieved at HTG temperature of 380 °C and mass ratio of 0.01.

Suggested Citation

  • Wijayanta, Agung Tri & Aziz, Muhammad, 2019. "Ammonia production from algae via integrated hydrothermal gasification, chemical looping, N2 production, and NH3 synthesis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 331-338.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:331-338
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.190
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Darmawan, Arif & Budianto, Dwika & Aziz, Muhammad & Tokimatsu, Koji, 2017. "Retrofitting existing coal power plants through cofiring with hydrothermally treated empty fruit bunch and a novel integrated system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1138-1147.
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    7. Zaini, Ilman Nuran & Nurdiawati, Anissa & Aziz, Muhammad, 2017. "Cogeneration of power and H2 by steam gasification and syngas chemical looping of macroalgae," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 134-145.
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    10. Li, Jun & Huang, Hongyu & Kobayashi, Noriyuki & He, Zhaohong & Osaka, Yugo & Zeng, Tao, 2015. "Numerical study on effect of oxygen content in combustion air on ammonia combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2053-2068.
    11. Darmawan, Arif & Hardi, Flabianus & Yoshikawa, Kunio & Aziz, Muhammad & Tokimatsu, Koji, 2017. "Enhanced process integration of black liquor evaporation, gasification, and combined cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1035-1042.
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    13. Lee, Hyung Won & Choi, Suek Joo & Park, Sung Hoon & Jeon, Jong-Ki & Jung, Sang-Chul & Joo, Sang Hoon & Park, Young-Kwon, 2014. "Catalytic conversion of Laminaria japonica over microporous zeolites," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 2-6.
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