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Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Co-Firing of Palm Kernel Shell and Coal

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Aziz

    (Advanced Energy Systems for Sustainability, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan)

  • Dwika Budianto

    (Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Takuya Oda

    (Advanced Energy Systems for Sustainability, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The increasing global demand for palm oil and its products has led to a significant growth in palm plantations and palm oil production. Unfortunately, these bring serious environmental problems, largely because of the large amounts of waste material produced, including palm kernel shell (PKS). In this study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the PKS co-firing of a 300 MWe pulverized coal-fired power plant in terms of thermal behavior of the plant and the CO 2 , CO, O 2 , NO x , and SO x produced. Five different PKS mass fractions were evaluated: 0%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50%. The results suggest that PKS co-firing is favorable in terms of both thermal behavior and exhaust gas emissions. A PKS mass fraction of 25% showed the best combustion characteristics in terms of temperature and the production of CO 2 , CO, and SO x . However, relatively large amounts of thermal NO x were produced by high temperature oxidation. Considering all these factors, PKS mass fractions of 10%–15% emerged as the most appropriate co-firing condition. The PKS supply capacity of the palm mills surrounding the power plants is a further parameter to be considered when setting the fuel mix.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Aziz & Dwika Budianto & Takuya Oda, 2016. "Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Co-Firing of Palm Kernel Shell and Coal," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:3:p:137-:d:64612
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Aziz & Takuya Oda & Takao Kashiwagi, 2014. "Advanced Energy Harvesting from Macroalgae—Innovative Integration of Drying, Gasification and Combined Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Aziz, Muhammad & Prawisudha, Pandji & Prabowo, Bayu & Budiman, Bentang Arief, 2015. "Integration of energy-efficient empty fruit bunch drying with gasification/combined cycle systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 188-195.
    3. Tabet, F. & Gökalp, I., 2015. "Review on CFD based models for co-firing coal and biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1101-1114.
    4. Weigang Xu & Yanqing Niu & Houzhang Tan & Denghui Wang & Wenzhi Du & Shien Hui, 2013. "A New Agro/Forestry Residues Co-Firing Model in a Large Pulverized Coal Furnace: Technical and Economic Assessments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-17, August.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Mersedeh Ghadamgahi & Patrik Ölund & Nils Å. I. Andersson & Pär Jönsson, 2017. "Numerical Study on the Effect of Lambda Value (Oxygen/Fuel Ratio) on Temperature Distribution and Efficiency of a Flameless Oxyfuel Combustion System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Qiang Zhong & Jian Zhang & Yongbin Yang & Qian Li & Bin Xu & Tao Jiang, 2018. "Thermal Behavior of Coal Used in Rotary Kiln and Its Combustion Intensification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-12, April.
    4. Anes Kazagic & Nihad Hodzic & Sadjit Metovic, 2018. "Co-Combustion of Low-Rank Coal with Woody Biomass and Miscanthus: An Experimental Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, March.
    5. Gyeong-Min Kim & Jong-Pil Kim & Kevin Yohanes Lisandy & Chung-Hwan Jeon, 2017. "Experimental Model Development of Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Kinetics on Porous Coal Char and Non-Porous Graphite," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, September.
    6. Wendi Chen & Fei Wang & Altaf Hussain Kanhar, 2017. "Sludge Acts as a Catalyst for Coal during the Co-Combustion Process Investigated by Thermogravimetric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-11, December.
    7. Aziz, Muhammad & Juangsa, Firman Bagja & Kurniawan, Winarto & Budiman, Bentang Arief, 2016. "Clean Co-production of H2 and power from low rank coal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P1), pages 489-497.
    8. Marco Torresi & Francesco Fornarelli & Bernardo Fortunato & Sergio Mario Camporeale & Alessandro Saponaro, 2017. "Assessment against Experiments of Devolatilization and Char Burnout Models for the Simulation of an Aerodynamically Staged Swirled Low-NO x Pulverized Coal Burner," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-24, January.

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