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Characteristics of limonene formation during microwave pyrolysis of scrap tires and quantitative analysis

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  • Song, Zhanlong
  • Liu, Li
  • Yang, Yaqing
  • Sun, Jing
  • Zhao, Xiqiang
  • Wang, Wenlong
  • Mao, Yanpeng
  • Yuan, Xueliang
  • Wang, Qingsong

Abstract

Using the test system for the microwave pyrolysis of scrap tires, the effects of different factors on the production characteristics of limonene in oils were investigated. The results showed that the optimum processing parameters for the production of limonene were the specific microwave power of 15 W/g, the weight hourly space velocity of 3.75 h−1, the tire particle size of 0.6 mm, and the absence of steel wires. The yield of limonene in the pyrolysis oil under this set of conditions was up to 23.4%. According to the pyrolysis process and the product composition, the mechanism of limonene production under microwave pyrolysis conditions was predicted. The content of limonene in the pyrolysis oil was quantitatively analyzed by an external standard method (ESM) and the peak area normalization method (PANM) separately. The numerical values of the test results obtained by multiplying PANM by the calibration factor of 1.5 equal the corresponding results obtained using the ESM method. Compared with conventional pyrolysis, the microwave pyrolysis of waste tires has a higher yield of limonene under optimized conditions. The results provide an important reference for the high-value utilization of waste tires and the utilization of resources, especially the subsequent production of limonene.

Suggested Citation

  • Song, Zhanlong & Liu, Li & Yang, Yaqing & Sun, Jing & Zhao, Xiqiang & Wang, Wenlong & Mao, Yanpeng & Yuan, Xueliang & Wang, Qingsong, 2018. "Characteristics of limonene formation during microwave pyrolysis of scrap tires and quantitative analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 953-961.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:142:y:2018:i:c:p:953-961
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.101
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sun, Jing & Wang, Wenlong & Yue, Qinyan & Ma, Chunyuan & Zhang, Junsong & Zhao, Xiqiang & Song, Zhanlong, 2016. "Review on microwave–metal discharges and their applications in energy and industrial processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 141-157.
    2. Jing Sun & Wenlong Wang & Zhen Liu & Qingluan Ma & Chao Zhao & Chunyuan Ma, 2012. "Kinetic Study of the Pyrolysis of Waste Printed Circuit Boards Subject to Conventional and Microwave Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-12, August.
    3. Martínez, Juan Daniel & Puy, Neus & Murillo, Ramón & García, Tomás & Navarro, María Victoria & Mastral, Ana Maria, 2013. "Waste tyre pyrolysis – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 179-213.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Ahmad, Nabeel & Ahmad, Nauman & Maafa, Ibrahim M. & Ahmed, Usama & Akhter, Parveen & Shehzad, Nasir & Amjad, Um-e-salma & Hussain, Murid & Javaid, Momina, 2020. "Conversion of poly-isoprene based rubber to value-added chemicals and liquid fuel via ethanolysis: Effect of operating parameters on product quality and quantity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    3. Junzhi Wang & Xinjiang Dong & Zongliang Zuo & Siyi Luo, 2023. "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Bicycle Tires and Engine Oil to Produce Limonene," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-12, May.
    4. María Teresa Martín & Juan Luis Aguirre & Juan Baena-González & Sergio González & Roberto Pérez-Aparicio & Leticia Saiz-Rodríguez, 2022. "Influence of Specific Power on the Solid and Liquid Products Obtained in the Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of End-of-Life Tires," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Zhang, Menghui & Qi, Yongfeng & Zhang, Wan & Wang, Meiting & Li, Jingyi & Lu, Yi & Zhang, Sheng & He, Jiazheng & Cao, Hao & Tao, Xuan & Xu, Hanlu & Zhang, Sheng, 2024. "A review on waste tires pyrolysis for energy and material recovery from the optimization perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    6. Arabiourrutia, Miriam & Lopez, Gartzen & Artetxe, Maite & Alvarez, Jon & Bilbao, Javier & Olazar, Martin, 2020. "Waste tyre valorization by catalytic pyrolysis – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).

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