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Experimental and numerical studies on NOx emission characteristics in laminar non-premixed jet flames of ammonia-containing methane fuel with oxygen/nitrogen oxidizer

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  • Woo, Mino
  • Choi, Byung Chul
  • Ghoniem, Ahmed F.

Abstract

The study investigated the formation characteristics of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in non-premixed coflow methane jet flames experimentally and numerically. Ammonia was added to the fuel stream, while varying the oxygen ratio in the oxygen/nitrogen oxidizer stream. In the coflow jet flame experiment using pure oxygen oxidizer, NOx emissions increased monotonically with respect to the mixing ratio of ammonia. When using oxygen/nitrogen oxidizers, NOx emissions reached a maximum at an oxygen ratio of 0.7, with non-monotonic changes occurring in response to variations in the oxygen ratio. Depending on the ammonia addition, increasing NOx emissions appeared in the two ranges of either relatively low or high ratio oxygen in the oxidizers. However, a reversal phenomenon of decreasing NOx emissions was noted within the section between the two ranges of the oxygen ratio. To elucidate the characteristics of NOx formation under various conditions of fuel and oxidizer compositions, 1-D and 2-D numerical simulations were conducted using a detailed chemical kinetics (GRI-Mech 3.0). The 2-D simulation results for pure oxygen and oxygen/nitrogen oxidizers provided reasonable predictions of trends in experimentally measured NOx emissions with the ammonia addition. Moreover, the cause of the reversal phenomenon was successfully explained through a comparative analysis of reactions leading to production and destruction of nitrogen monoxide (NO), based on the results of the 1-D and 2-D simulations. The results provide fundamental information to help in the design of oxygen-enriched combustor.

Suggested Citation

  • Woo, Mino & Choi, Byung Chul & Ghoniem, Ahmed F., 2016. "Experimental and numerical studies on NOx emission characteristics in laminar non-premixed jet flames of ammonia-containing methane fuel with oxygen/nitrogen oxidizer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 961-972.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:114:y:2016:i:c:p:961-972
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.150
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Jun & Huang, Hongyu & Deng, Lisheng & He, Zhaohong & Osaka, Yugo & Kobayashi, Noriyuki, 2019. "Effect of hydrogen addition on combustion and heat release characteristics of ammonia flame," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 604-617.
    2. Woo, Mino & Choi, Byung Chul, 2021. "Numerical study on fuel-NO formation characteristics of ammonia-added methane fuel in laminar non-premixed flames with oxygen/carbon dioxide oxidizer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    3. Wu, Fang-Hsien & Chen, Guan-Bang, 2020. "Numerical study of hydrogen peroxide enhancement of ammonia premixed flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    4. Gaber, Christian & Schluckner, Christoph & Wachter, Philipp & Demuth, Martin & Hochenauer, Christoph, 2021. "Experimental study on the influence of the nitrogen concentration in the oxidizer on NOx and CO emissions during the oxy-fuel combustion of natural gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).

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