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Disentangling demand and supply inflation shocks from electronic payments data

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  • Carlomagno, Guillermo
  • Eterovic, Nicolás
  • Hernández-Román, Luis G.

Abstract

We propose a novel way to track inflation dynamics by identifying supply and demand shocks at a highly disaggregated level using electronic payments data. We estimate SVAR models and group historical decompositions at the product level into categories of the CPI. Our approach differs from others by explicitly estimating the shocks and retrieving their time-series dynamics. This information is valuable for monetary policy design, as it allows us to assess: (i) the type of shock driving any inflation category, (ii) whether shocks are generalized or driven by large shocks to specific items, and (iii) how the shocks evolve over time. An application to Chile suggests three distinct phases of inflation dynamics since COVID-19. In 2020, negative supply and demand shocks nearly offset each other. In 2021, demand shocks were boosted by massive liquidity injections. In 2022, global supply shocks introduced additional pressures on top of already elevated inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlomagno, Guillermo & Eterovic, Nicolás & Hernández-Román, Luis G., 2024. "Disentangling demand and supply inflation shocks from electronic payments data," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:141:y:2024:i:c:s0264999324002281
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106871
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Emerging economy; COVID-19; Inflation; Supply and demand shocks; SVAR;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
    • C4 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
    • C5 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling
    • E0 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General
    • E3 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit

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