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A city-level assessment of residential PV hosting capacity for low-voltage distribution systems considering rooftop data and uncertainties

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  • Ramadhani, Umar Hanif
  • Johari, Fatemeh
  • Lindberg, Oskar
  • Munkhammar, Joakim
  • Widén, Joakim

Abstract

The increasing trend of small-scale residential photovoltaic (PV) system installation in low-voltage (LV) distribution networks poses challenges for power grids. To quantify these impacts, hosting capacity has become a popular framework for analysis. However, previous studies have mostly focused on small-scale or test feeders and overlooked uncertainties related to rooftop azimuth and tilt. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of city-level PV hosting capacity using data from over 300 real LV systems in Varberg, Sweden. A previously developed rooftop azimuth and tilt model is also applied and evaluated. The findings indicate that the distribution systems of the city, with a definition of PV penetration as the percentage of houses with 12 kW installed PV systems, can accommodate up to 90% PV penetration with less than 1% risk of overvoltage, and line loading is not a limiting factor. The roof facet orientation modeling proves to be suitable for city-level applications due to its simplicity and effectiveness. Sensitivity studies reveal that PV system size assumptions significantly influence hosting capacity analysis. The study provides valuable insights for planning strategies to increase PV penetration in residential buildings and offers technical input for regulators and grid operators to facilitate and manage residential PV systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Ramadhani, Umar Hanif & Johari, Fatemeh & Lindberg, Oskar & Munkhammar, Joakim & Widén, Joakim, 2024. "A city-level assessment of residential PV hosting capacity for low-voltage distribution systems considering rooftop data and uncertainties," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 371(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:371:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924010985
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123715
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ismael, Sherif M. & Abdel Aleem, Shady H.E. & Abdelaziz, Almoataz Y. & Zobaa, Ahmed F., 2019. "State-of-the-art of hosting capacity in modern power systems with distributed generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 1002-1020.
    2. Johari, F. & Lindberg, O. & Ramadhani, U.H. & Shadram, F. & Munkhammar, J. & Widén, J., 2024. "Analysis of large-scale energy retrofit of residential buildings and their impact on the electricity grid using a validated UBEM," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 361(C).
    3. Miha Grabner & Andrej Souvent & Nermin Suljanović & Andrej Košir & Boštjan Blažič, 2019. "Probabilistic Methodology for Calculating PV Hosting Capacity in LV Networks Using Actual Building Roof Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Lingfors, D. & Bright, J.M. & Engerer, N.A. & Ahlberg, J. & Killinger, S. & Widén, J., 2017. "Comparing the capability of low- and high-resolution LiDAR data with application to solar resource assessment, roof type classification and shading analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1216-1230.
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