IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v334y2023ics030626192300017x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Future vehicle energy supply - sustainable design and operation of hybrid hydrogen and electric microgrids

Author

Listed:
  • Förster, Robert
  • Kaiser, Matthias
  • Wenninger, Simon

Abstract

To decarbonise road transport, EU policymakers promote battery electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle adaption and advocate the expansion of charging and hydrogen refuelling infrastructure in the Fit-for-55 package. However, infrastructure operators face cost-intensive operations and insufficient low greenhouse gas (GHG) hydrogen availability. Grid-connected hybrid hydrogen refuelling and electric vehicle charging microgrids with on-site hydrogen production, battery and hydrogen energy storages and renewable energy can help to solve these challenges. We investigate the influence of various microgrid design and operation strategies regarding their contribution to profitability and decarbonisation in an optimisation study. Our findings in a real-world case study within Germany indicate that the cost-effectiveness of designing and operating such microgrids does not contribute to the decarbonisation of road transportation under common operation strategies and current demand charge regulations. We advocate revising German demand charge regulations to support sustainable design and operation of future charging and hydrogen refuelling microgrids.

Suggested Citation

  • Förster, Robert & Kaiser, Matthias & Wenninger, Simon, 2023. "Future vehicle energy supply - sustainable design and operation of hybrid hydrogen and electric microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:334:y:2023:i:c:s030626192300017x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120653
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192300017X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120653?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Piers M. Forster & Harriet I. Forster & Mat J. Evans & Matthew J. Gidden & Chris D. Jones & Christoph A. Keller & Robin D. Lamboll & Corinne Le Quéré & Joeri Rogelj & Deborah Rosen & Carl-Friedrich Sc, 2020. "Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(10), pages 913-919, October.
    2. Apostolou, D. & Xydis, G., 2019. "A literature review on hydrogen refuelling stations and infrastructure. Current status and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Kroniger, Daniel & Madlener, Reinhard, 2014. "Hydrogen storage for wind parks: A real options evaluation for an optimal investment in more flexibility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 931-946.
    4. Holger C. Hesse & Michael Schimpe & Daniel Kucevic & Andreas Jossen, 2017. "Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-42, December.
    5. Xiang, Yue & Cai, Hanhu & Liu, Junyong & Zhang, Xin, 2021. "Techno-economic design of energy systems for airport electrification: A hydrogen-solar-storage integrated microgrid solution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Furat Dawood & GM Shafiullah & Martin Anda, 2020. "Stand-Alone Microgrid with 100% Renewable Energy: A Case Study with Hybrid Solar PV-Battery-Hydrogen," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    8. Ding, Huajie & Hu, Zechun & Song, Yonghua, 2015. "Value of the energy storage system in an electric bus fast charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 630-639.
    9. Dawoud, Samir M. & Lin, Xiangning & Okba, Merfat I., 2018. "Hybrid renewable microgrid optimization techniques: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2039-2052.
    10. Jacob, Ammu Susanna & Banerjee, Rangan & Ghosh, Prakash C., 2018. "Sizing of hybrid energy storage system for a PV based microgrid through design space approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 640-653.
    11. Liu, Jia & Cao, Sunliang & Chen, Xi & Yang, Hongxing & Peng, Jinqing, 2021. "Energy planning of renewable applications in high-rise residential buildings integrating battery and hydrogen vehicle storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    12. Tobajas, Javier & Garcia-Torres, Felix & Roncero-Sánchez, Pedro & Vázquez, Javier & Bellatreche, Ladjel & Nieto, Emilio, 2022. "Resilience-oriented schedule of microgrids with hybrid energy storage system using model predictive control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    13. Li, Bei & Roche, Robin & Paire, Damien & Miraoui, Abdellatif, 2017. "Sizing of a stand-alone microgrid considering electric power, cooling/heating, hydrogen loads and hydrogen storage degradation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1244-1259.
    14. Han, Ying & Yang, Hanqing & Li, Qi & Chen, Weirong & Zare, Firuz & Guerrero, Josep M., 2020. "Mode-triggered droop method for the decentralized energy management of an islanded hybrid PV/hydrogen/battery DC microgrid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    15. Alavi, Farid & Park Lee, Esther & van de Wouw, Nathan & De Schutter, Bart & Lukszo, Zofia, 2017. "Fuel cell cars in a microgrid for synergies between hydrogen and electricity networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 296-304.
    16. Khiareddine, Abla & Ben Salah, Chokri & Rekioua, Djamila & Mimouni, Mohamed Faouzi, 2018. "Sizing methodology for hybrid photovoltaic /wind/ hydrogen/battery integrated to energy management strategy for pumping system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 743-762.
    17. Low, John M. & Haszeldine, R. Stuart & Mouli-Castillo, Julien, 2023. "Refuelling infrastructure requirements for renewable hydrogen road fuel through the energy transition," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    18. Falko Ueckerdt & Christian Bauer & Alois Dirnaichner & Jordan Everall & Romain Sacchi & Gunnar Luderer, 2021. "Potential and risks of hydrogen-based e-fuels in climate change mitigation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 11(5), pages 384-393, May.
    19. Haupt, Leon & Schöpf, Michael & Wederhake, Lars & Weibelzahl, Martin, 2020. "The influence of electric vehicle charging strategies on the sizing of electrical energy storage systems in charging hub microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    20. Baumgarte, Felix & Kaiser, Matthias & Keller, Robert, 2021. "Policy support measures for widespread expansion of fast charging infrastructure for electric vehicles," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    21. Biresselioglu, Mehmet Efe & Demirbag Kaplan, Melike & Yilmaz, Barbara Katharina, 2018. "Electric mobility in Europe: A comprehensive review of motivators and barriers in decision making processes," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 1-13.
    22. Mah, Angel Xin Yee & Ho, Wai Shin & Hassim, Mimi H. & Hashim, Haslenda & Ling, Gabriel Hoh Teck & Ho, Chin Siong & Muis, Zarina Ab, 2021. "Optimization of a standalone photovoltaic-based microgrid with electrical and hydrogen loads," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    23. Coppitters, Diederik & De Paepe, Ward & Contino, Francesco, 2020. "Robust design optimization and stochastic performance analysis of a grid-connected photovoltaic system with battery storage and hydrogen storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    24. Siskos, Pelopidas & Zazias, Georgios & Petropoulos, Apostolos & Evangelopoulou, Stavroula & Capros, Pantelis, 2018. "Implications of delaying transport decarbonisation in the EU: A systems analysis using the PRIMES model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 48-60.
    25. Kui Jiao & Jin Xuan & Qing Du & Zhiming Bao & Biao Xie & Bowen Wang & Yan Zhao & Linhao Fan & Huizhi Wang & Zhongjun Hou & Sen Huo & Nigel P. Brandon & Yan Yin & Michael D. Guiver, 2021. "Designing the next generation of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7867), pages 361-369, July.
    26. Kyriakarakos, George & Dounis, Anastasios I. & Rozakis, Stelios & Arvanitis, Konstantinos G. & Papadakis, George, 2011. "Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4517-4526.
    27. Sensfuß, Frank & Ragwitz, Mario & Genoese, Massimo, 2008. "The merit-order effect: A detailed analysis of the price effect of renewable electricity generation on spot market prices in Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 3076-3084, August.
    28. Baghaee, H.R. & Mirsalim, M. & Gharehpetian, G.B. & Talebi, H.A., 2016. "Reliability/cost-based multi-objective Pareto optimal design of stand-alone wind/PV/FC generation microgrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 1022-1041.
    29. Velazquez Abad, Anthony & Dodds, Paul E., 2020. "Green hydrogen characterisation initiatives: Definitions, standards, guarantees of origin, and challenges," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    30. Grüger, Fabian & Dylewski, Lucy & Robinius, Martin & Stolten, Detlef, 2018. "Carsharing with fuel cell vehicles: Sizing hydrogen refueling stations based on refueling behavior," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1540-1549.
    31. Piers M. Forster & Harriet I. Forster & Mat J. Evans & Matthew J. Gidden & Chris D. Jones & Christoph A. Keller & Robin D. Lamboll & Corinne Le Quéré & Joeri Rogelj & Deborah Rosen & Carl-Friedrich Sc, 2020. "Publisher Correction: Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(10), pages 971-971, October.
    32. Wang, Shuoqi & Lu, Languang & Han, Xuebing & Ouyang, Minggao & Feng, Xuning, 2020. "Virtual-battery based droop control and energy storage system size optimization of a DC microgrid for electric vehicle fast charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    33. Hassan, I.A. & Ramadan, Haitham S. & Saleh, Mohamed A. & Hissel, Daniel, 2021. "Hydrogen storage technologies for stationary and mobile applications: Review, analysis and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    34. Yassuda Yamashita, Daniela & Vechiu, Ionel & Gaubert, Jean-Paul, 2021. "Two-level hierarchical model predictive control with an optimised cost function for energy management in building microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    35. Viviana Cigolotti & Matteo Genovese & Petronilla Fragiacomo, 2021. "Comprehensive Review on Fuel Cell Technology for Stationary Applications as Sustainable and Efficient Poly-Generation Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-28, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kwon, Kihan & Lee, Jung-Hwan & Lim, Sang-Kil, 2023. "Optimization of multi-speed transmission for electric vehicles based on electrical and mechanical efficiency analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    2. Lucian-Ioan Dulău, 2023. "Power Cost and CO 2 Emissions for a Microgrid with Hydrogen Storage and Electric Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-25, November.
    3. Julia Hermann & Simon Rusche & Linda Moder & Martin Weibelzahl, 2024. "Watt’s Next? Leveraging Process Flexibility for Power Cost Optimization," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 66(5), pages 541-563, October.
    4. Novella, Ricardo & García, Antonio & Gomez-Soriano, Josep & Fogué-Robles, Álvaro, 2023. "Exploring dilution potential for full load operation of medium duty hydrogen engine for the transport sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    5. Shi, Ting & Peng, Xueyuan & Feng, Jianmei & Guo, Yi & Wang, Bingsheng, 2024. "Study on the startup-shutdown performance of gas foil bearings-rotor system in proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mah, Angel Xin Yee & Ho, Wai Shin & Hassim, Mimi H. & Hashim, Haslenda & Ling, Gabriel Hoh Teck & Ho, Chin Siong & Muis, Zarina Ab, 2021. "Optimization of a standalone photovoltaic-based microgrid with electrical and hydrogen loads," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    2. Haupt, Leon & Schöpf, Michael & Wederhake, Lars & Weibelzahl, Martin, 2020. "The influence of electric vehicle charging strategies on the sizing of electrical energy storage systems in charging hub microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    3. Förster, Robert & Harding, Sebastian & Buhl, Hans Ulrich, 2024. "Unleashing the economic and ecological potential of energy flexibility: Attractiveness of real-time electricity tariffs in energy crises," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    4. Matteo Genovese & Viviana Cigolotti & Elio Jannelli & Petronilla Fragiacomo, 2023. "Hydrogen Refueling Process: Theory, Modeling, and In-Force Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-31, March.
    5. Grüger, Fabian & Dylewski, Lucy & Robinius, Martin & Stolten, Detlef, 2018. "Carsharing with fuel cell vehicles: Sizing hydrogen refueling stations based on refueling behavior," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1540-1549.
    6. Sharma, Rakesh & Srinivasa Murthy, S. & Dutta, Pradip & Rao, Badri S., 2022. "Performance of solid state hydrogen storage assisted standalone polygeneration microgrids for various climatic zones of India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    7. Coppitters, Diederik & De Paepe, Ward & Contino, Francesco, 2021. "Robust design optimization of a photovoltaic-battery-heat pump system with thermal storage under aleatory and epistemic uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    8. Fan, Guangyao & Liu, Zhijian & Liu, Xuan & Shi, Yaxin & Wu, Di & Guo, Jiacheng & Zhang, Shicong & Yang, Xinyan & Zhang, Yulong, 2022. "Two-layer collaborative optimization for a renewable energy system combining electricity storage, hydrogen storage, and heat storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    9. Jihed Hmad & Azeddine Houari & Allal El Moubarek Bouzid & Abdelhakim Saim & Hafedh Trabelsi, 2023. "A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-41, June.
    10. Matteo Böhm & Mirco Nanni & Luca Pappalardo, 2022. "Gross polluters and vehicle emissions reduction," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 5(8), pages 699-707, August.
    11. Jaszczur, Marek & Hassan, Qusay & Palej, Patryk & Abdulateef, Jasim, 2020. "Multi-Objective optimisation of a micro-grid hybrid power system for household application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    12. Liu, Li-Jing & Yao, Yun-Fei & Liang, Qiao-Mei & Qian, Xiang-Yan & Xu, Chun-Lei & Wei, Si-Yi & Creutzig, Felix & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2021. "Combining economic recovery with climate change mitigation: A global evaluation of financial instruments," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 438-453.
    13. Li, Nan & Zhao, Xunwen & Shi, Xunpeng & Pei, Zhenwei & Mu, Hailin & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, 2021. "Integrated energy systems with CCHP and hydrogen supply: A new outlet for curtailed wind power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    14. Tostado-Véliz, Marcos & Horrillo-Quintero, Pablo & García-Triviño, Pablo & Fernández-Ramírez, Luis M. & Jurado, Francisco, 2024. "Optimal sitting and sizing of hydrogen refilling stations in distribution networks under locational marginal prices," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 374(C).
    15. Michel Noussan & Pier Paolo Raimondi & Rossana Scita & Manfred Hafner, 2020. "The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-26, December.
    16. Nithin Isaac & Akshay Kumar Saha, 2022. "Predicting Vehicle Refuelling Trips through Generalised Poisson Modelling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    17. Mohseni, Soheil & Brent, Alan C. & Burmester, Daniel, 2020. "A comparison of metaheuristics for the optimal capacity planning of an isolated, battery-less, hydrogen-based micro-grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    18. Polleux, Louis & Guerassimoff, Gilles & Marmorat, Jean-Paul & Sandoval-Moreno, John & Schuhler, Thierry, 2022. "An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    19. Grinin, Leonid & Grinin, Anton & Korotayev, Andrey, 2022. "COVID-19 pandemic as a trigger for the acceleration of the cybernetic revolution, transition from e-government to e-state, and change in social relations," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    20. Shariatio, O. & Coker, P.J. & Smith, S.T. & Potter, B. & Holderbaum, W., 2024. "An integrated techno-economic approach for design and energy management of heavy goods electric vehicle charging station with energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 369(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:334:y:2023:i:c:s030626192300017x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.