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Mapping geological hydrogen storage capacity and regional heating demands: An applied UK case study

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  • Mouli-Castillo, Julien
  • Heinemann, Niklas
  • Edlmann, Katriona

Abstract

Hydrogen is considered as a low-carbon substitute for natural gas in the otherwise difficult to decarbonise domestic heating sector. This study presents for the first time, a globally applicable source to sink methodology and analysis that matches geological storage capacity with energy demand. As a case study, it is applied to the domestic heating system in the UK, with a focus on maintaining the existing gas distribution network. To balance the significant annual cyclicity in energy demand for heating, hydrogen could be stored in gas fields offshore and transported via offshore pipelines to the existing gas terminals into the gas network. The hydrogen energy storage demand in the UK is estimated to be ~77.9 terawatt-hour (TWh), which is approximately 25% of the total energy from natural gas used for domestic heating. The total estimated storage capacity of the gas fields included in this study is 2661.9 TWh. The study reveals that only a few offshore gas fields are required to store enough energy as hydrogen to balance the entire seasonal demand for UK domestic heating. It also demonstrates that as so few fields are required, hydrogen storage will not compete for the subsurface space required for other low-carbon subsurface applications, such as carbon storage or compressed air energy storage.

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  • Mouli-Castillo, Julien & Heinemann, Niklas & Edlmann, Katriona, 2021. "Mapping geological hydrogen storage capacity and regional heating demands: An applied UK case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:283:y:2021:i:c:s030626192031730x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116348
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    4. Vassilis M. Charitopoulos & Mathilde Fajardy & Chi Kong Chyong & David M. Reiner, 2022. "The case of 100% electrification of domestic heat in Great Britain," Working Papers EPRG2206, Energy Policy Research Group, Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge.
    5. Wei, Zhichen & Calautit, John Kaiser, 2024. "Field experiment testing of a low-cost model predictive controller (MPC) for building heating systems and analysis of phase change material (PCM) integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
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    7. Tarkowski, Radosław & Lankof, Leszek & Luboń, Katarzyna & Michalski, Jan, 2024. "Hydrogen storage capacity of salt caverns and deep aquifers versus demand for hydrogen storage: A case study of Poland," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    8. Fangxuan Chen & Zhiwei Ma & Hadi Nasrabadi & Bailian Chen & Mohamed Mehana & Jolante Wieke Van Wijk, 2022. "Technical and Economic Feasibility Analysis of Underground Hydrogen Storage: A Case Study in Intermountain-West Region USA," Papers 2209.03239, arXiv.org.
    9. Zhiyong Li & Wenbin Wu & Yang Si & Xiaotao Chen, 2023. "Optimal Siting and Sizing of Hydrogen Production Modules in Distribution Networks with Photovoltaic Uncertainties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-15, November.
    10. Tarkowski, R. & Uliasz-Misiak, B., 2022. "Towards underground hydrogen storage: A review of barriers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    11. Guerra, K. & Welfle, A. & Gutiérrez-Alvarez, R. & Freer, M. & Ma, L. & Haro, P., 2024. "The role of energy storage in Great Britain's future power system: focus on hydrogen and biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    12. Huaguang Yan & Wenda Zhang & Jiandong Kang & Tiejiang Yuan, 2023. "The Necessity and Feasibility of Hydrogen Storage for Large-Scale, Long-Term Energy Storage in the New Power System in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-21, June.
    13. Gordon, Joel A. & Balta-Ozkan, Nazmiye & Nabavi, Seyed Ali, 2023. "Socio-technical barriers to domestic hydrogen futures: Repurposing pipelines, policies, and public perceptions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    14. Jahanbakhsh, Amir & Louis Potapov-Crighton, Alexander & Mosallanezhad, Abdolali & Tohidi Kaloorazi, Nina & Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes, 2024. "Underground hydrogen storage: A UK perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    15. Pierre-Antoine Muselli & Jean-Nicolas Antoniotti & Marc Muselli, 2022. "Climate Change Impacts on Gaseous Hydrogen (H 2 ) Potential Produced by Photovoltaic Electrolysis for Stand-Alone or Grid Applications in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, December.
    16. Jahanbani Veshareh, Moein & Thaysen, Eike Marie & Nick, Hamidreza M., 2022. "Feasibility of hydrogen storage in depleted hydrocarbon chalk reservoirs: Assessment of biochemical and chemical effects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    17. Low, John M. & Haszeldine, R. Stuart & Mouli-Castillo, Julien, 2023. "Refuelling infrastructure requirements for renewable hydrogen road fuel through the energy transition," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).

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