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Assessment of correlations between tar and product gas composition in dual fluidized bed steam gasification for online tar prediction

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  • Benedikt, Florian
  • Kuba, Matthias
  • Schmid, Johannes Christian
  • Müller, Stefan
  • Hofbauer, Hermann

Abstract

Thermochemical conversion of biomass feedstock via dual fluidized bed steam gasification is a well-proven technology used to produce a medium calorific product gas for various applications in the energy or transportation sector or for chemical syntheses. At unfavorable gasification conditions, undesirable high amounts of tar, which are aromatic hydrocarbons, are present in the product gas. High tar contents are a major problem, and they lead to uneconomic operation due to sharply diminished quality of product gas or unexpected plant shut downs due to fouling of the product gas coolers. Currently, tar content is measured with a discontinuous wet-chemical analysis method, which needs several hours of sample preparation to receive the final tar content. The aim of this study is to establish valid correlations between online measured permanent gas components in the product gas and its tar content. The results show that hydrogen, methane, and ethene concentrations are strongly related to the tar content in the product gas, while the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide content did not show a clear correlation. Using these correlations with online measured gas components provides the possibility of a direct and prompt response of a plant operator in case of unfavorable gasification conditions. Additionally, an optimization of the plant operation can be conducted and thereby, the operation hours and, consequently, the economic efficiency are improved.

Suggested Citation

  • Benedikt, Florian & Kuba, Matthias & Schmid, Johannes Christian & Müller, Stefan & Hofbauer, Hermann, 2019. "Assessment of correlations between tar and product gas composition in dual fluidized bed steam gasification for online tar prediction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1138-1149.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:238:y:2019:i:c:p:1138-1149
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.181
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Zachl, Angelika & Buchmayr, Markus & Gruber, Johann & Anca-Couce, Andrés & Scharler, Robert & Hochenauer, Christoph, 2024. "Experimental-data-based, easy-to-use product gas composition prediction of a commercial open-top gasifier based on commercially used properties of softwood chips," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    6. Fürsatz, K. & Fuchs, J. & Benedikt, F. & Kuba, M. & Hofbauer, H., 2021. "Effect of biomass fuel ash and bed material on the product gas composition in DFB steam gasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    7. Zachl, A. & Soria-Verdugo, A. & Buchmayr, M. & Gruber, J. & Anca-Couce, A. & Scharler, R. & Hochenauer, C., 2022. "Stratified downdraft gasification of wood chips with a significant bark content," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
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    9. Wan, Zhanghao & Yang, Shiliang & Wei, Yonggang & Hu, Jianhang & Wang, Hua, 2020. "CFD modeling of the flow dynamics and gasification in the combustor and gasifier of a dual fluidized bed pilot plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    10. Bach-Oller, Albert & Furusjö, Erik & Umeki, Kentaro, 2019. "On the role of potassium as a tar and soot inhibitor in biomass gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
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    12. Zhang, Fengxia & Yang, Shiliang & Yang, Bin & Wang, Hua, 2022. "Mesoscale bubble dynamics in the gasifier of a 1MWth dual fluidized bed gasifier for biomass gasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
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