IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v228y2018icp891-901.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Parametric study and flow rate optimization of all-vanadium redox flow batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Kim, Dong Kyu
  • Yoon, Sang Jun
  • Lee, Jaeho
  • Kim, Sangwon

Abstract

The parametric study for an all-vanadium redox flow battery system was examined to determine the optimal operating strategy. As dimensionless parameters, the stoichiometric number and state of charge were used to apply the strategy to all scales of the flow battery system. In this study, we developed a transient model for this system, which is supported by experimental data, to analyze effect of parameters on the ion concentration and determine its optimal operating conditions. First, the performance of the flow battery system was analyzed in steady-state conditions to examine the changes of the ion concentration depending on different flow rates, current densities, and sizes of active area. As flow rate increases, the energy efficiency slightly increases, because faster flow rates can deliver more vanadium ions from the reservoir. The energy efficiency decreases according to current density, because large current results in large amount of ohmic loss of membrane. When the size of active area increases, the energy efficiencies remain constant, however, the cycle time decreases. Next, the transient response for the system was analyzed by changing the stoichiometric number and current density during the charge and discharge processes. Variation of the system’s energy efficiency was studied with changes in the stoichiometric number and state of charge as the current density was varied from 20 to 100 mA/cm2. Increasing the flow rate at the beginning of the charge–discharge process is more efficient in the low current density region. At a current density of 100 mA/cm2, however, it is better to increase the flow rate after the state of charge reaches 50%. Lastly, an operating strategy is suggested that involves controlling the mass flow rate of the electrolyte during the charge–discharge process. The operating strategy is presented as an empirical equation defined by the stoichiometric number and state of charge. Notably, this equation can contribute to improving the performance of all scales of the flow battery system by simply changing the electrolyte flow rate at right time.

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, Dong Kyu & Yoon, Sang Jun & Lee, Jaeho & Kim, Sangwon, 2018. "Parametric study and flow rate optimization of all-vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 891-901.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:228:y:2018:i:c:p:891-901
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.094
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918309620
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.094?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei, Zhongbao & Lim, Tuti Mariana & Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria & Wai, Nyunt & Tseng, King Jet, 2016. "Online state of charge and model parameter co-estimation based on a novel multi-timescale estimator for vanadium redox flow battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 169-179.
    2. Zhou, X.L. & Zhao, T.S. & An, L. & Zeng, Y.K. & Yan, X.H., 2015. "A vanadium redox flow battery model incorporating the effect of ion concentrations on ion mobility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 157-166.
    3. Xu, Q. & Zhao, T.S. & Leung, P.K., 2013. "Numerical investigations of flow field designs for vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 47-56.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yoon, Sang Jun & Kim, Sangwon & Kim, Dong Kyu, 2019. "Optimization of local porosity in the electrode as an advanced channel for all-vanadium redox flow battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 26-35.
    2. Tugrul Y. Ertugrul & Michael. C. Daugherty & Jacob R. Houser & Douglas S. Aaron & Matthew M. Mench, 2020. "Computational and Experimental Study of Convection in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Strip Cell Architecture," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Jefimowski, Włodzimierz & Szeląg, Adam & Steczek, Marcin & Nikitenko, Anatolii, 2020. "Vanadium redox flow battery parameters optimization in a transportation microgrid: A case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    4. Jienkulsawad, Prathak & Jirabovornwisut, Tossaporn & Chen, Yong-Song & Arpornwichanop, Amornchai, 2023. "Effect of battery material and operation on dynamic performance of a vanadium redox flow battery under electrolyte imbalance conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    5. Chen, Wei & Kang, Jialun & Shu, Qing & Zhang, Yunsong, 2019. "Analysis of storage capacity and energy conversion on the performance of gradient and double-layered porous electrode in all-vanadium redox flow batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 341-355.
    6. Liu, Yongbin & Yu, Lihong & Liu, Le & Xi, Jingyu, 2021. "Tailoring the vanadium/proton ratio of electrolytes to boost efficiency and stability of vanadium flow batteries over a wide temperature range," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wei, L. & Zhao, T.S. & Zeng, L. & Zhou, X.L. & Zeng, Y.K., 2016. "Copper nanoparticle-deposited graphite felt electrodes for all vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 386-391.
    2. Kim, Jungmyung & Park, Heesung, 2017. "Experimental analysis of discharge characteristics in vanadium redox flow battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 451-457.
    3. Badrinarayanan, Rajagopalan & Tseng, King Jet & Soong, Boon Hee & Wei, Zhongbao, 2017. "Modelling and control of vanadium redox flow battery for profile based charging applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1479-1488.
    4. Wang, Q. & Qu, Z.G. & Jiang, Z.Y. & Yang, W.W., 2018. "Experimental study on the performance of a vanadium redox flow battery with non-uniformly compressed carbon felt electrode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 293-305.
    5. Messaggi, M. & Canzi, P. & Mereu, R. & Baricci, A. & Inzoli, F. & Casalegno, A. & Zago, M., 2018. "Analysis of flow field design on vanadium redox flow battery performance: Development of 3D computational fluid dynamic model and experimental validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1057-1070.
    6. Zeng, Yikai & Li, Fenghao & Lu, Fei & Zhou, Xuelong & Yuan, Yanping & Cao, Xiaoling & Xiang, Bo, 2019. "A hierarchical interdigitated flow field design for scale-up of high-performance redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 435-441.
    7. Gao, Qingchen & Bao, Zhiming & Li, Weizhuo & Gong, Zhichao & Fan, Linhao & Jiao, Kui, 2024. "Performance analysis and gradient-porosity electrode design of vanadium redox flow batteries based on CFD simulations under open-source environment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    8. Wang, Q. & Qu, Z.G. & Jiang, Z.Y. & Yang, W.W., 2018. "Numerical study on vanadium redox flow battery performance with non-uniformly compressed electrode and serpentine flow field," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 106-116.
    9. Pugach, M. & Kondratenko, M. & Briola, S. & Bischi, A., 2018. "Zero dimensional dynamic model of vanadium redox flow battery cell incorporating all modes of vanadium ions crossover," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 560-569.
    10. Wei, L. & Zhao, T.S. & Xu, Q. & Zhou, X.L. & Zhang, Z.H., 2017. "In-situ investigation of hydrogen evolution behavior in vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 1112-1118.
    11. Yuan, Chenguang & Xing, Feng & Zheng, Qiong & Zhang, Huamin & Li, Xianfeng & Ma, Xiangkun, 2020. "Factor analysis of the uniformity of the transfer current density in vanadium flow battery by an improved three-dimensional transient model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    12. Shujuan Meng & Binyu Xiong & Tuti Mariana Lim, 2019. "Model-Based Condition Monitoring of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-16, August.
    13. Chen, Wei & Kang, Jialun & Shu, Qing & Zhang, Yunsong, 2019. "Analysis of storage capacity and energy conversion on the performance of gradient and double-layered porous electrode in all-vanadium redox flow batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 341-355.
    14. Bhattarai, Arjun & Wai, Nyunt & Schweiss, Rüdiger & Whitehead, Adam & Scherer, Günther G. & Ghimire, Purna C. & Lim, Tuti M. & Hng, Huey Hoon, 2019. "Vanadium redox flow battery with slotted porous electrodes and automatic rebalancing demonstrated on a 1 kW system level," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 437-443.
    15. He, Qijiao & Li, Zheng & Zhao, Dongqi & Yu, Jie & Tan, Peng & Guo, Meiting & Liao, Tianjun & Zhao, Tianshou & Ni, Meng, 2023. "A 3D modelling study on all vanadium redox flow battery at various operating temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    16. Sun, Jie & Zheng, Menglian & Yang, Zhongshu & Yu, Zitao, 2019. "Flow field design pathways from lab-scale toward large-scale flow batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 637-646.
    17. Wei, Zhongbao & Zhao, Jiyun & Ji, Dongxu & Tseng, King Jet, 2017. "A multi-timescale estimator for battery state of charge and capacity dual estimation based on an online identified model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1264-1274.
    18. Bizhong Xia & Zizhou Lao & Ruifeng Zhang & Yong Tian & Guanghao Chen & Zhen Sun & Wei Wang & Wei Sun & Yongzhi Lai & Mingwang Wang & Huawen Wang, 2017. "Online Parameter Identification and State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Squares and Nonlinear Kalman Filter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-23, December.
    19. Dai, Haifeng & Xu, Tianjiao & Zhu, Letao & Wei, Xuezhe & Sun, Zechang, 2016. "Adaptive model parameter identification for large capacity Li-ion batteries on separated time scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 119-131.
    20. Fengming Chu & Wen Lu & Dailong Zhai & Guozhen Xiao & Guoan Yang, 2022. "Mass transfer behavior in electrode and battery performance analysis of organic flow battery [Control system design for micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells]," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 17, pages 494-505.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:228:y:2018:i:c:p:891-901. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.