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Energy and reliability optimization of a system that combines daylighting and artificial sources. A case study carried out in academic buildings

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  • Salata, Ferdinando
  • Golasi, Iacopo
  • di Salvatore, Maicol
  • de Lieto Vollaro, Andrea

Abstract

The necessity to reduce energy requirements of lighting systems should bring among engineers a more mature and conscious vision while planning and this means that their main goals should be the visual comfort and a decrease in energy and maintenance costs. Therefore this paper examines the case study of a classroom located in the Faculty of Engineering of Sapienza University in Rome and, to evaluate the possibility to combine natural and artificial light, it focuses on the realization of a new lighting system. This new solution is formed by LED sources and control systems able to modulate the power absorbed by every single lamp (to adapt, according to the hour and day, to the conditions of the natural light). In order to meet the EN 12464-1, the process of incorporating natural and artificial light must occur while guaranteeing both the minimum levels expected for the average illuminance Em [lx] and the uniformity coefficient (Emin/Em) and this is the reason why a simultaneous exertion of artificial lights and a variable shielding system of glass surfaces activated through a motorized electronic control unit is required. Thanks to the software DIALux Evo 5.1 a 3D model of the classroom was reproduced and validated in order to simulate the combination of natural and artificial lighting and to verify if the results complied with the regulations. This was followed by an analysis concerning: the reliability of the system (through the examination of the MTBF – Mean Time Between Failure) and energetic and economic aspects (through the software ecoCALC 4.5.4). The novelty of this study is represented by the fact that in order to obtain the highest results in each of the three fields examined, it is possible to avoid the exertion of those negative feedback control-type systems (requiring high installation and maintenance costs due to sensor devices), thanks to pre-programmed logic control systems based on the data obtained with the simulations by prediction softwares. In this case study the solution suggested, while using a pre-programmed control logic, presents a MTBF of 1205h (about twice of a negative feedback system solution) with payback periods that justify the higher costs presented by the electronic characterizing the control logic system with respect to traditional plant solutions.

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  • Salata, Ferdinando & Golasi, Iacopo & di Salvatore, Maicol & de Lieto Vollaro, Andrea, 2016. "Energy and reliability optimization of a system that combines daylighting and artificial sources. A case study carried out in academic buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 250-266.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:169:y:2016:i:c:p:250-266
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.022
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    3. Barbón, A. & Sánchez-Rodríguez, J.A. & Bayón, L. & Barbón, N., 2018. "Development of a fiber daylighting system based on a small scale linear Fresnel reflector: Theoretical elements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 733-745.
    4. Ascione, Fabrizio & Bianco, Nicola & De Stasio, Claudio & Mauro, Gerardo Maria & Vanoli, Giuseppe Peter, 2016. "Multi-stage and multi-objective optimization for energy retrofitting a developed hospital reference building: A new approach to assess cost-optimality," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 37-68.
    5. Carla Balocco & Martina Cecchi & Giulia Volante, 2019. "Natural Lighting for Sustainability of Cultural Heritage Refurbishment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-17, September.
    6. Judit Lopez-Besora & Glòria Serra-Coch & Helena Coch & Antonio Isalgue, 2016. "Daylight Management in Mediterranean Cities: When Shortage Is Not the Issue," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-12, September.
    7. Chen, Qian & Oh, Seung Jin & Burhan, Muhammad, 2020. "Design and optimization of a novel electrowetting-driven solar-indoor lighting system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    8. Yeh, Shih-Chuan, 2019. "High performance natural lighting system combined with SPSC," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 226-232.
    9. Jianhua Ding & Xinyi Zou & Murong Lv, 2023. "Influence of Opposing Exterior Window Geometry on the Carbon Emissions of Indoor Lighting under the Combined Effect of Natural Lighting and Artificial Lighting in the City of Shenyang, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-20, August.
    10. Niemelä, Tuomo & Kosonen, Risto & Jokisalo, Juha, 2016. "Cost-optimal energy performance renovation measures of educational buildings in cold climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1005-1020.
    11. Ferdinando Salata & Iacopo Golasi & Alessandro Poliziani & Antonio Futia & Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro & Massimo Coppi & Andrea De Lieto Vollaro, 2016. "Management Optimization of the Luminous Flux Regulation of a Lighting System in Road Tunnels. A First Approach to the Exertion of Predictive Control Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-17, October.
    12. Salata, Ferdinando & Ciancio, Virgilio & Dell'Olmo, Jacopo & Golasi, Iacopo & Palusci, Olga & Coppi, Massimo, 2020. "Effects of local conditions on the multi-variable and multi-objective energy optimization of residential buildings using genetic algorithms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    13. Federica Rosso & Anna Laura Pisello & Veronica Lucia Castaldo & Marco Ferrero & Franco Cotana, 2017. "On Innovative Cool-Colored Materials for Building Envelopes: Balancing the Architectural Appearance and the Thermal-Energy Performance in Historical Districts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-13, December.

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