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Effect of air–fuel mixing quality on characteristics of conventional and low temperature diesel combustion

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  • Han, Sangwook
  • Kim, Jaeheun
  • Bae, Choongsik

Abstract

A comparative study on the effects of air–fuel mixing quality on combustion characteristics was carried out in both conventional and low temperature diesel combustion (LTC) regimes. The injection pressure and intake pressure were considered as variables as they are important factors which influence the air–fuel mixing process. The intake O2 concentration was varied to realize different combustion regimes. Improved air–fuel mixing with a higher injection pressure enhanced the combustion process in both conventional combustion and LTC regimes, resulting in higher peaks of in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate. The combustion phase in the LTC regime was more influenced by injection pressure due to longer premixing time than that of conventional combustion. A higher injection pressure reduced CO and HC emissions over a wide range of intake O2 concentrations. The reduction of CO and HC emissions in the conventional combustion regime was due to higher combustion temperature, while that in the LTC regime was due to decreased under-mixed fuel by improved air–fuel mixing. Soot emissions at a higher injection pressure were reduced, particularly, in the conventional combustion regime where the soot formation rate is high. The increase of intake pressure was also advantageous in reducing CO, HC and soot emissions due to improved air–fuel mixing as well as enrichment of absolute amount of oxygen, which lead to enhanced combustion process. A direct flame image was taken to observe the flame structure of two different combustion regimes to correlate with the exhaust emission results and combustion characteristics. High flame luminosity was observed around the periphery of the spray jet in the conventional combustion regime, which was a direct indication of soot formation and high temperature combustion; while low luminosity was observed around the piston bowl in the swirl direction in the LTC regime, which indicated a longer air–fuel mixing period and low temperature combustion.

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  • Han, Sangwook & Kim, Jaeheun & Bae, Choongsik, 2014. "Effect of air–fuel mixing quality on characteristics of conventional and low temperature diesel combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 454-466.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:119:y:2014:i:c:p:454-466
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.045
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Al-Hinti, I. & Samhouri, M. & Al-Ghandoor, A. & Sakhrieh, A., 2009. "The effect of boost pressure on the performance characteristics of a diesel engine: A neuro-fuzzy approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 113-121, January.
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    1. Raul Payri & José M. García-Oliver & Victor Mendoza & Alberto Viera, 2020. "Analysis of the Influence of Diesel Spray Injection on the Ignition and Soot Formation in Multiple Injection Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Jing, Wei & Wu, Zengyang & Zhang, Weibo & Fang, Tiegang, 2015. "Measurements of soot temperature and KL factor for spray combustion of biomass derived renewable fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 758-771.
    3. Asish K. Sarangi & Gordon P. McTaggart-Cowan & Colin P. Garner, 2022. "The Impact of Fuel Injection Timing and Charge Dilution Rate on Low Temperature Combustion in a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Zhong, Wenjun & Pachiannan, Tamilselvan & Li, Zilong & Qian, Yong & Zhang, Yanzhi & Wang, Qian & He, Zhixia & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Combustion and emission characteristics of gasoline/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends in gasoline compression ignition engines under different loads of double injection strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Shim, Euijoon & Park, Hyunwook & Bae, Choongsik, 2018. "Intake air strategy for low HC and CO emissions in dual-fuel (CNG-diesel) premixed charge compression ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 1068-1077.
    6. Du, Wei & Zhang, Qiankun & Zhang, Zheng & Lou, Juejue & Bao, Wenhua, 2018. "Effects of injection pressure on ignition and combustion characteristics of impinging diesel spray," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 1163-1168.
    7. Mansir, Ibrahim B. & Nemitallah, Medhat A. & Habib, Mohamed A. & Khalifa, Atia E., 2018. "Experimental and numerical investigation of flow field and oxy-methane combustion characteristics in a low-power porous-plate reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 783-795.
    8. Pachiannan, Tamilselvan & Zhong, Wenjun & Rajkumar, Sundararajan & He, Zhixia & Leng, Xianying & Wang, Qian, 2019. "A literature review of fuel effects on performance and emission characteristics of low-temperature combustion strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    9. Payri, Raúl & Salvador, F.J. & Manin, Julien & Viera, Alberto, 2016. "Diesel ignition delay and lift-off length through different methodologies using a multi-hole injector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 541-550.
    10. Leach, Felix & Ismail, Riyaz & Davy, Martin, 2018. "Engine-out emissions from a modern high speed diesel engine – The importance of Nozzle Tip Protrusion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 340-352.
    11. Azad, A.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Sharma, Subhash C. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Recent development of biodiesel combustion strategies and modelling for compression ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1068-1086.
    12. Wang, Yifeng & Yao, Mingfa & Li, Tie & Zhang, Weijing & Zheng, Zunqing, 2016. "A parametric study for enabling reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) operation in diesel engines at various engine loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 389-402.

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