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Analysis of energy economic renovation for historic wooden apartment buildings in cold climates

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  • Arumägi, Endrik
  • Kalamees, Targo

Abstract

Buildings represent the largest sector of primary energy consumption and play a major role in saving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Our analysis of energy consumption and potential energy savings is based on field measurements, computer simulations and economic calculations. The average primary energy consumption (PE) of wooden apartment buildings was 331kWh/(m2a) 83% higher than the limit 180kWh/(m2a) set in national regulations for apartment buildings subject to major renovation. The studied buildings represent a high potential for energy savings. The renovation packages were compiled using different insulation measures, HVAC solutions and energy sources to achieve a 20–65% reduction of primary energy. For historic buildings, the renovation solutions that concentrate on the building envelope can be problematic due to the need to preserve cultural and architectural values. Our calculation results indicate that the cost optimal PE level is around 250kWh/(m2a) and the point at which renovation packages recover expenses is around a PE level of 170kWh/(m2a). In terms of the architectural appearance the point at which renovation packages recover expenses is around a PE level of 210kWh/(m2a). We propose to set a different PE limit for historic wooden apartment buildings with an architectural appearance worth preserving.

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  • Arumägi, Endrik & Kalamees, Targo, 2014. "Analysis of energy economic renovation for historic wooden apartment buildings in cold climates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 540-548.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:115:y:2014:i:c:p:540-548
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.041
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    9. Hong, Tianzhen & Yang, Le & Hill, David & Feng, Wei, 2014. "Data and analytics to inform energy retrofit of high performance buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 90-106.
    10. Gireesh Nair & Leo Verde & Thomas Olofsson, 2022. "A Review on Technical Challenges and Possibilities on Energy Efficient Retrofit Measures in Heritage Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-20, October.
    11. Étienne Berthold & Kim Pawliw & Mathieu St-Pierre & Francis Pronovost & Léa Méthé, 2024. "Operational Energy in Historic Religious Buildings: A Qualitative Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-21, October.
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    13. Nikolaos Ziozas & Angeliki Kitsopoulou & Evangelos Bellos & Petros Iliadis & Dimitra Gonidaki & Komninos Angelakoglou & Nikolaos Nikolopoulos & Silvia Ricciuti & Diego Viesi, 2024. "Energy Performance Analysis of the Renovation Process in an Italian Cultural Heritage Building," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-27, March.
    14. Maria Ferrara & Valentina Monetti & Enrico Fabrizio, 2018. "Cost-Optimal Analysis for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Design and Optimization: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-32, June.
    15. Ascione, Fabrizio & Ceroni, Francesca & De Masi, Rosa Francesca & de’ Rossi, Filippo & Pecce, Maria Rosaria, 2017. "Historical buildings: Multidisciplinary approach to structural/energy diagnosis and performance assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1517-1528.
    16. Cho, Hyun Mi & Yun, Beom Yeol & Yang, Sungwoong & Wi, Seunghwan & Chang, Seong Jin & Kim, Sumin, 2020. "Optimal energy retrofit plan for conservation and sustainable use of historic campus building: Case of cultural property building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    17. Mazzeo, D. & Oliveti, G. & Arcuri, N., 2016. "Influence of internal and external boundary conditions on the decrement factor and time lag heat flux of building walls in steady periodic regime," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 509-531.
    18. Webb, Amanda L., 2017. "Energy retrofits in historic and traditional buildings: A review of problems and methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 748-759.
    19. Hamburg, Anti & Kuusk, Kalle & Mikola, Alo & Kalamees, Targo, 2020. "Realisation of energy performance targets of an old apartment building renovated to nZEB," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    20. Pikas, Ergo & Thalfeldt, Martin & Kurnitski, Jarek & Liias, Roode, 2015. "Extra cost analyses of two apartment buildings for achieving nearly zero and low energy buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 623-633.
    21. Qu, Ke & Chen, Xiangjie & Wang, Yixin & Calautit, John & Riffat, Saffa & Cui, Xin, 2021. "Comprehensive energy, economic and thermal comfort assessments for the passive energy retrofit of historical buildings - A case study of a late nineteenth-century Victorian house renovation in the UK," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    22. Fuerst, Franz & Oikarinen, Elias & Harjunen, Oskari, 2016. "Green signalling effects in the market for energy-efficient residential buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 560-571.
    23. Anti Hamburg & Targo Kalamees, 2018. "The Influence of Energy Renovation on the Change of Indoor Temperature and Energy Use," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.
    24. Małgorzata Basińska & Dobrosława Kaczorek & Halina Koczyk, 2021. "Economic and Energy Analysis of Building Retrofitting Using Internal Insulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, April.

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