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Extra cost analyses of two apartment buildings for achieving nearly zero and low energy buildings

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  • Pikas, Ergo
  • Thalfeldt, Martin
  • Kurnitski, Jarek
  • Liias, Roode

Abstract

The nZEB (nearly zero energy building) requirements taking effect in 2021 have induced the interest about additional cost and technical solutions amongst real-estate developers, construction companies, architects and engineers. The objectives of this study are twofold, first to determine the cost-optimal energy efficiency level for two lately built apartment buildings in a cold climate of Estonia, and secondly, which are the proper measures to achieve low energy and nZEB requirement levels. The influence of high-efficiency external walls, roofs, windows, ventilation units and solar collectors on energy use and construction costs were studied by using multi-stage methodology for reducing the number of combinations. The results show that since 2010 the cost optimal primary energy level has shifted from 145 kWh/m2 to 110 kWh/m2, but achieving nZEB level of 100 kWh/m2 still requires relatively high additional investments. With initial measures, nZEB requirements were not fulfilled in the studied cases, but the solutions close to nZEB required extra investment of 65 €/m2 i.e. 4–7% compared to the actual buildings. Low energy building level needed additional investments up to 2%. In both case studies remarkably better energy efficiency level could have been achieved with lower construction costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Pikas, Ergo & Thalfeldt, Martin & Kurnitski, Jarek & Liias, Roode, 2015. "Extra cost analyses of two apartment buildings for achieving nearly zero and low energy buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 623-633.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:84:y:2015:i:c:p:623-633
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.026
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    Cited by:

    1. Stevanović, Sanja, 2016. "Parametric study of a cost-optimal, energy efficient office building in Serbia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(P2), pages 492-505.
    2. Endrik Arumägi & Targo Kalamees, 2020. "Cost and Energy Reduction of a New nZEB Wooden Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-16, July.
    3. Malvoni, Maria & Baglivo, Cristina & Congedo, Paolo Maria & Laforgia, Domenico, 2016. "CFD modeling to evaluate the thermal performances of window frames in accordance with the ISO 10077," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 430-438.
    4. Thalfeldt, Martin & Pikas, Ergo & Kurnitski, Jarek & Voll, Hendrik, 2017. "Window model and 5 year price data sensitivity to cost-effective façade solutions for office buildings in Estonia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 685-697.
    5. Kütt, Lauri & Millar, John & Karttunen, Antti & Lehtonen, Matti & Karppinen, Maarit, 2018. "Thermoelectric applications for energy harvesting in domestic applications and micro-production units. Part I: Thermoelectric concepts, domestic boilers and biomass stoves," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 519-544.
    6. Maria Ferrara & Valentina Monetti & Enrico Fabrizio, 2018. "Cost-Optimal Analysis for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Design and Optimization: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-32, June.
    7. Zinzi, Michele & Mattoni, Benedetta, 2019. "Assessment of construction cost reduction of nearly zero energy dwellings in a life cycle perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    8. Pikas, Ergo & Kurnitski, Jarek & Thalfeldt, Martin & Koskela, Lauri, 2017. "Cost-benefit analysis of nZEB energy efficiency strategies with on-site photovoltaic generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 291-301.
    9. Kaiser Ahmed & Margaux Carlier & Christian Feldmann & Jarek Kurnitski, 2018. "A New Method for Contrasting Energy Performance and Near-Zero Energy Building Requirements in Different Climates and Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-22, May.
    10. Yang, Dong & Li, Ping, 2015. "Dimensionless design approach, applicability and energy performance of stack-based hybrid ventilation for multi-story buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 128-140.
    11. Chi, Fang'ai & Pan, Jiajie & Liu, Yang & Guo, Yuang, 2021. "Improvement of thermal comfort by hydraulic-driven ventilation device and space partition arrangement towards building energy saving," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).

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