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Numerical Simulations and Empirical Data for the Evaluation of Daylight Factors in Existing Buildings in Sweden

Author

Listed:
  • Sara Eriksson

    (Bengt Dahlgren AB, Krokslätts Fabriker 52, 431 37 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Lovisa Waldenström

    (Bengt Dahlgren AB, Krokslätts Fabriker 52, 431 37 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Max Tillberg

    (Bengt Dahlgren AB, Krokslätts Fabriker 52, 431 37 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Magnus Österbring

    (NCC Sweden, Gullbergs Strandgata 2, 411 04 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Angela Sasic Kalagasidis

    (Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Sven Hultins gata 6, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

Point Daylight Factor (DF P ) has been used for daylighting design in Sweden for more than 40 years. Progressive densification of urban environments, in combination with stricter regulations on energy performance and indoor environmental quality of buildings, creates complex daylight design challenges that cannot be adequately solved with DF P . To support a development of the current and future daylight indicators in the Swedish context, the authors have developed a comprehensive methodology for the evaluation of daylight levels in existing buildings. The methodology comprises sample buildings of various use and their digital replicas in 3D, detailed numerical simulations and correlations of diverse DF metrics in existing buildings, a field investigation on residents’ satisfaction with available daylight levels in their homes, and a comparison between the numerical and experimental data. The study was deliberately limited to the evaluation of DF metrics for their intuitive understanding and easy evaluation in real design projects. The sample buildings represent typical architectural styles and building technologies between 1887 and 2013 in Gothenburg and include eight residential buildings, two office buildings, two schools, two student apartment buildings, and two hospitals. Although the simulated DF P is 1.4% on average, i.e., above the required 1%, large variations have been found between the studied 1200 rooms. The empirical data generally support the findings from the numerical simulations, but also bring unique insights in the residences’ preferences for rooms with good daylight. The most remarkable result is related to kitchens, typically the spaces with the lowest DF values, based on simulations, while the residents wish them to be the spaces with the most daylight. Finally, the work introduces a new DF metric, denoted DF W , which allows daylighting design in early stages when only limited data on the building shape and windows’ arrangement are available.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara Eriksson & Lovisa Waldenström & Max Tillberg & Magnus Österbring & Angela Sasic Kalagasidis, 2019. "Numerical Simulations and Empirical Data for the Evaluation of Daylight Factors in Existing Buildings in Sweden," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-24, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:11:p:2200-:d:238508
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yu, Xu & Su, Yuehong, 2015. "Daylight availability assessment and its potential energy saving estimation –A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 494-503.
    2. Li, Danny H.W. & Wong, S.L., 2007. "Daylighting and energy implications due to shading effects from nearby buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(12), pages 1199-1209, December.
    3. Mata, Érika & Sasic Kalagasidis, Angela & Johnsson, Filip, 2013. "Energy usage and technical potential for energy saving measures in the Swedish residential building stock," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 404-414.
    4. Francesco Nocera & Alessandro Lo Faro & Vincenzo Costanzo & Chiara Raciti, 2018. "Daylight Performance of Classrooms in a Mediterranean School Heritage Building," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
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    2. Aniela Kaminska, 2020. "Impact of Building Orientation on Daylight Availability and Energy Savings Potential in an Academic Classroom," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.

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