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An experimental study of the interaction between tar and SOFCs with Ni/GDC anodes

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  • Liu, Ming
  • van der Kleij, A.
  • Verkooijen, A.H.M.
  • Aravind, P.V.

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study of the effects of tar on the performance of SOFCs with Ni/GDC anodes. Various operating temperature levels (700, 800 and 900°C) under both dry and wet conditions were employed in this study. Polarization behavior, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cell voltage degradation were analyzed to evaluate the cell performance. It is most likely that the cells with Ni/GDC anodes did not suffer from carbon deposition under the wet conditions studied. Dry tar-containing syngas for SOFCs is unlikely to cause carbon formation under a mild current load; however, it may induce carbon formation at open circuit. The effect of carbon dioxide that is capable of suppressing carbon deposition was experimentally investigated, and an enhanced performance was observed under the conditions studied. Under carbon risk-free operating conditions, the cell voltage increases when raising the feeding tar concentration, indicating that tar performs as fuel for SOFCs.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Ming & van der Kleij, A. & Verkooijen, A.H.M. & Aravind, P.V., 2013. "An experimental study of the interaction between tar and SOFCs with Ni/GDC anodes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 149-157.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:108:y:2013:i:c:p:149-157
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.03.020
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    Cited by:

    1. Jeong, Yong-Seong & Kim, Jong-Woo & Seo, Myung-Won & Mun, Tae-Young & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2021. "Characteristics of two-stage air gasification of polystyrene with active carbon as a tar removal agent," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    2. Alvaro Fernandes & Joerg Brabandt & Oliver Posdziech & Ali Saadabadi & Mayra Recalde & Liyuan Fan & Eva O. Promes & Ming Liu & Theo Woudstra & Purushothaman Vellayan Aravind, 2018. "Design, Construction, and Testing of a Gasifier-Specific Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Choi, Min-Jun & Jeong, Yong-Seong & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2021. "Air gasification of polyethylene terephthalate using a two-stage gasifier with active carbon for the production of H2 and CO," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    4. Rakesh N, & Dasappa, S., 2018. "A critical assessment of tar generated during biomass gasification - Formation, evaluation, issues and mitigation strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1045-1064.
    5. Yu, Fangyong & Xiao, Jie & Zhang, Yapeng & Cai, Weizi & Xie, Yongmin & Yang, Naitao & Liu, Jiang & Liu, Meilin, 2019. "New insights into carbon deposition mechanism of nickel/yttrium-stabilized zirconia cermet from methane by in situ investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    6. Evangelia Ioannidou & Stylianos G. Neophytides & Dimitrios K. Niakolas, 2023. "Ternary Fe- or Mo-Au-Ni/GDC as Candidate Fuel Electrodes for the Internal Dry Reforming of CH 4 : Physicochemical and Kinetic Investigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-23, December.
    7. Subotić, Vanja & Baldinelli, Arianna & Barelli, Linda & Scharler, Robert & Pongratz, Gernot & Hochenauer, Christoph & Anca-Couce, Andrés, 2019. "Applicability of the SOFC technology for coupling with biomass-gasifier systems: Short- and long-term experimental study on SOFC performance and degradation behaviour," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    8. Komatsu, Y. & Brus, G. & Kimijima, S. & Szmyd, J.S., 2014. "The effect of overpotentials on the transient response of the 300W SOFC cell stack voltage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 352-359.
    9. Huang, Liwen & Wang, Jia & Lin, Wen-Feng & Wu, Yan, 2023. "Layer-structured Li1-xNaxNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2-δ oxide anode for enhancing ceria electrolyte based solid ceramic fuel cell operating at lower temperatures down to 370 °C," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    10. Cavalli, A. & Kunze, M. & Aravind, P.V., 2018. "Cross-influence of toluene as tar model compound and HCl on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell anodes in Integrated Biomass Gasifier SOFC Systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1-11.
    11. Lyu, Zewei & Shi, Wangying & Han, Minfang, 2018. "Electrochemical characteristics and carbon tolerance of solid oxide fuel cells with direct internal dry reforming of methane," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 556-567.
    12. Sharma, Monikankana & N, Rakesh & Dasappa, S., 2016. "Solid oxide fuel cell operating with biomass derived producer gas: Status and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 450-463.
    13. Ud Din, Zia & Zainal, Z.A., 2016. "Biomass integrated gasification–SOFC systems: Technology overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1356-1376.
    14. Ud Din, Zia & Zainal, Z.A., 2017. "The fate of SOFC anodes under biomass producer gas contaminants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1050-1066.
    15. Chen, Qianyang & Qiu, Qianyuan & Yan, Xiaomin & Zhou, Mingyang & Zhang, Yapeng & Liu, Zhijun & Cai, Weizi & Wang, Wei & Liu, Jiang, 2020. "A compact and seal-less direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell stack stepping into practical application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    16. Choi, Young-Kon & Mun, Tae-Young & Cho, Min-Hwan & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2016. "Gasification of dried sewage sludge in a newly developed three-stage gasifier: Effect of each reactor temperature on the producer gas composition and impurity removal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 121-128.
    17. Papurello, Davide & Lanzini, Andrea & Leone, Pierluigi & Santarelli, Massimo, 2016. "The effect of heavy tars (toluene and naphthalene) on the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported SOFC running on bio-syngas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 747-753.
    18. Fernandes, A. & Woudstra, T. & van Wijk, A. & Verhoef, L. & Aravind, P.V., 2016. "Fuel cell electric vehicle as a power plant and SOFC as a natural gas reformer: An exergy analysis of different system designs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 13-28.

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