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Fuel cell electric vehicle as a power plant and SOFC as a natural gas reformer: An exergy analysis of different system designs

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  • Fernandes, A.
  • Woudstra, T.
  • van Wijk, A.
  • Verhoef, L.
  • Aravind, P.V.

Abstract

Delft University of Technology, under its “Green Village” programme, has an initiative to build a power plant (car parking lot) based on the fuel cells used in vehicles for motive power. It is a trigeneration system capable of producing electricity, heat, and hydrogen. It comprises three main zones: a hydrogen production zone, a parking zone, and a pump station zone. This study focuses mainly on the hydrogen production zone which assesses four different system designs in two different operation modes of the facility: Car as Power Plant (CaPP) mode, corresponding to the open period of the facility which uses fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) as energy and water producers while parked; and Pump mode, corresponding to the closed period which compresses the hydrogen and pumps to the vehicle’s fuel tank. These system designs differ by the reforming technology: the existing catalytic reformer (CR) and a solid oxide fuel cell operating as reformer (SOFCR); and the option of integrating a carbon capture and storage (CCS).

Suggested Citation

  • Fernandes, A. & Woudstra, T. & van Wijk, A. & Verhoef, L. & Aravind, P.V., 2016. "Fuel cell electric vehicle as a power plant and SOFC as a natural gas reformer: An exergy analysis of different system designs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 13-28.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:173:y:2016:i:c:p:13-28
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.107
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    3. Abdellah Essaghouri & Zezhi Zeng & Bingguo Zhao & Changkun Hao & Yuping Qian & Weilin Zhuge & Yangjun Zhang, 2022. "Effects of Radial and Circumferential Flows on Power Density Improvements of Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-21, September.
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    5. Fan, Liyuan & Li, Chao'en & van Biert, Lindert & Zhou, Shou-Han & Tabish, Asif Nadeem & Mokhov, Anatoli & Aravind, Purushothaman Vellayani & Cai, Weiwei, 2022. "Advances on methane reforming in solid oxide fuel cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    6. Guo, Xinru & Guo, Yumin & Wang, Jiangfeng & Meng, Xin & Deng, Bohao & Wu, Weifeng & Zhao, Pan, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of a novel combined heating and power system based on low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) and high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    7. Zhu, Dafeng & Yang, Bo & Liu, Qi & Ma, Kai & Zhu, Shanying & Ma, Chengbin & Guan, Xinping, 2020. "Energy trading in microgrids for synergies among electricity, hydrogen and heat networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    8. Mehr, A.S. & Lanzini, A. & Santarelli, M. & Rosen, Marc A., 2021. "Polygeneration systems based on high temperature fuel cell (MCFC and SOFC) technology: System design, fuel types, modeling and analysis approaches," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    9. Wang, Zhiwen & Xiong, Wei & Ting, David S.-K. & Carriveau, Rupp & Wang, Zuwen, 2016. "Conventional and advanced exergy analyses of an underwater compressed air energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 810-822.
    10. Wu, Zhen & Zhu, Pengfei & Yao, Jing & Tan, Peng & Xu, Haoran & Chen, Bin & Yang, Fusheng & Zhang, Zaoxiao & Ni, Meng, 2020. "Thermo-economic modeling and analysis of an NG-fueled SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid energy conversion system for stationary electricity power generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    11. Alavi, Farid & Park Lee, Esther & van de Wouw, Nathan & De Schutter, Bart & Lukszo, Zofia, 2017. "Fuel cell cars in a microgrid for synergies between hydrogen and electricity networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 296-304.
    12. Abdellah Essaghouri & Zezhi Zeng & Bingguo Zhao & Changkun Hao & Yuping Qian & Weilin Zhuge & Yangjun Zhang, 2022. "Influence of Radial Flows on Power Density and Gas Stream Pressure Drop of Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.
    13. Dimitrova, Zlatina & Maréchal, François, 2017. "Environomic design for electric vehicles with an integrated solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) unit as a range extender," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 124-142.

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    Keywords

    SOFC; Reforming; Vehicle-to-grid (V2G); Exergy; Trigeneration;
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