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Low-pressure sprinkler irrigation in maize: Differences in water distribution above and below the crop canopy

Author

Listed:
  • Zapata, N.
  • Robles, O.
  • Playán, E.
  • Paniagua, P.
  • Romano, C.
  • Salvador, R.
  • Montoya, F.

Abstract

Reducing the working pressure at the sprinkler nozzles is one of the alternatives to reduce energy requirements in solid-set sprinkler irrigation systems. Previous studies reported ≈10% lower seasonal Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) for low-pressure treatments than for standard treatments, but no differences in maize yield. This research analyses the effect of maize canopy water partitioning on irrigation performance indexes (CUC and wind drift and evaporation losses, WDEL). Three irrigation treatments were considered, based on the working pressure: 1) A standard brass impact sprinkler operating at a pressure of 300 kPa (CIS300); 2) A standard brass impact sprinkler operating at a pressure of 200 kPa (CIS200); and 3) A modified plastic impact sprinkler (with a deflecting plate attached to the drive arm) operating at a pressure of 200 kPa (DPIS200). Irrigation performance was measured using a catch-can network located above the maize canopy (CUCac, WDELac) along the whole crop season and using stemflow and throughfall devices below the maize canopy (CUCbc, WDELbc) in eight irrigation events. Maize growth, yield and its components were measured. Under low-wind and fully developed canopy conditions (a frequent situation for maize irrigation), CUCbc resulted higher than CUCac for the low-pressure treatments, while the opposite was observed for the standard pressure treatment. Maize canopy partitioning reduces the differences in irrigation performance indexes between pressure treatments, explaining why there are no differences in grain yield between them. Caution should be used when measuring sprinkler irrigation performance above tall canopies, since the elevation of the catch-cans and the crop canopy partitioning affect performance estimations.

Suggested Citation

  • Zapata, N. & Robles, O. & Playán, E. & Paniagua, P. & Romano, C. & Salvador, R. & Montoya, F., 2018. "Low-pressure sprinkler irrigation in maize: Differences in water distribution above and below the crop canopy," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 353-365.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:203:y:2018:i:c:p:353-365
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.03.025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. I. Fernández García & J. Rodríguez Díaz & E. Camacho Poyato & P. Montesinos, 2013. "Optimal Operation of Pressurized Irrigation Networks with Several Supply Sources," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(8), pages 2855-2869, June.
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    3. Robles, O. & Playán, E. & Cavero, J. & Zapata, N., 2017. "Assessing low-pressure solid-set sprinkler irrigation in maize," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 37-49.
    4. Liu, Haijun & Zhang, Ruihao & Zhang, Liwei & Wang, Xuming & Li, Yan & Huang, Guanhua, 2015. "Stemflow of water on maize and its influencing factors," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 35-41.
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    8. Sanchez, I. & Zapata, N. & Faci, J.M., 2010. "Combined effect of technical, meteorological and agronomical factors on solid-set sprinkler irrigation: I. Irrigation performance and soil water recharge in alfalfa and maize," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(10), pages 1571-1581, October.
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    2. Hui, Xin & Zheng, Yudong & Yan, Haijun, 2021. "Water distributions of low-pressure sprinklers as affected by the maize canopy under a centre pivot irrigation system," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    3. Xian Liu & Yueyue Xu & Shikun Sun & Xining Zhao & Yubao Wang, 2022. "Analysis of the Coupling Characteristics of Water Resources and Food Security: The Case of Northwest China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Jian Wang & Zhuoyang Song & Rui Chen & Ting Yang & Zuokun Tian, 2022. "Experimental Study on Droplet Characteristics of Rotating Sprinklers with Circular Nozzles and Diffuser," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Pan Tang & Chao Chen & Hong Li, 2020. "Improving Water Distribution Uniformity by Optimizing the Structural Size of the Drive Spoon Blades for a Vertical Impact Sprinkler," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-13, September.
    6. Liao, Renkuan & Wu, Wenyong & Hu, Yaqi & Huang, Qiannan & Yan, Hua, 2019. "Quantifying moisture availability in soil profiles of cherry orchards under different irrigation regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    7. Xian Liu, 2022. "Analysis of Crop Sustainability Production Potential in Northwest China: Water Resources Perspective," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, October.

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