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The Nonequivalent Health of High School Equivalents

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  • Anna Zajacova
  • Bethany G. Everett

Abstract

type="main"> Millions of U.S. adults are recipients of the high school (HS) equivalency (General Education Development [GED]) diploma. Virtually nothing is known about the health of this large group, although literature suggests GED recipients are considerably worse off than HS graduates in numerous economic and social outcomes. We analyze general health among working-age adults with a HS diploma, GED recipients, and HS dropouts. Ordered and binary logistic models of self-rated health and activity limitations were estimated using data from the 1997–2009 National Health Interview Surveys (N = 76,703). GED recipients have significantly and substantially worse health than HS graduates, among both sexes. In fact, the GED recipients’ health is generally comparable to that of HS dropouts. Health behaviors and economic factors explain a large proportion of the difference but the gap remains significant. In terms of health, adults with a terminal GED are not equivalent to HS graduates. GED recipients report considerably worse general health and activity limitations. The disadvantage is only partly due to the worse economic outcomes and health behaviors; a significant difference remains unexplained and may be due to other, unobserved pathways, or to selection mechanisms.

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  • Anna Zajacova & Bethany G. Everett, 2014. "The Nonequivalent Health of High School Equivalents," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 95(1), pages 221-238, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:socsci:v:95:y:2014:i:1:p:221-238
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    1. Shervin Assari, 2018. "Racial Variation in the Association between Educational Attainment and Self-Rated Health," Societies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Walsemann, Katrina M. & Gee, Gilbert C. & Gentile, Danielle, 2015. "Sick of our loans: Student borrowing and the mental health of young adults in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 85-93.
    3. Katrina M. Walsemann & Robert A. Hummer & Mark D. Hayward, 2018. "Heterogeneity in Educational Pathways and the Health Behavior of U.S. Young Adults," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(3), pages 343-366, June.

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