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Procyclical leverage in Europe and its role in asset pricing

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  • Baltzer, Markus
  • Koehl, Alexandra
  • Reitz, Stefan

Abstract

Broker-dealer leverage has recently proven to be strongly procyclical, exhibiting impressive explanatory power for a large cross-section of asset returns in the US. In this paper we add empirical evidence to this finding, showing that European and German broker-dealers actively manage their balance sheets. Moreover, by applying standard Fama-MacBeth regressions as well as dynamic asset pricing models (Adrian, Crump, and Moench, 2015), we confirm the importance of brokerdealer balance-sheet indicators for asset pricing. In particular, leverage shows a procyclical behavior with a positive price of risk. Moreover, high leverage coincides with high asset prices, thereby forecasting lower future returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Baltzer, Markus & Koehl, Alexandra & Reitz, Stefan, 2019. "Procyclical leverage in Europe and its role in asset pricing," Discussion Papers 10/2019, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bubdps:102019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cincinelli, Peter & Pellini, Elisabetta & Urga, Giovanni, 2024. "Is there an optimal level of leverage? The case of banks and non-bank institutions in Europe," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    broker-dealer leverage; intermediary asset pricing; dynamic asset pricing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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