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Unexplained factors and their effects on second pass R-squared’s

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  • Kleibergen, Frank
  • Zhan, Zhaoguo

Abstract

We construct the large sample distributions of the OLS and GLS R2’s of the second pass regression of the Fama and MacBeth (1973) two pass procedure when the observed proxy factors are minorly correlated with the true unobserved factors. This implies an unexplained factor structure in the first pass residuals and, consequently, a large estimation error in the estimated beta’s which is spanned by the beta’s of the unexplained true factors. The average portfolio returns and the estimation error of the estimated beta’s are then both linear in the beta’s of the unobserved true factors which leads to possibly large values of the OLS R2 of the second pass regression. These large values of the OLS R2 are not indicative of the strength of the relationship. Our results question many empirical findings that concern the relationship between expected portfolio returns and (macro-) economic factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Kleibergen, Frank & Zhan, Zhaoguo, 2015. "Unexplained factors and their effects on second pass R-squared’s," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 189(1), pages 101-116.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:econom:v:189:y:2015:i:1:p:101-116
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.11.006
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fama–MacBeth two pass procedure; Factor pricing; Stochastic discount factors; Weak identification; (Non-standard) Large sample distribution; Principal components;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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