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New Evidence on the Gender Wage Gap in Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Taniguchi, Kiyoshi

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Tuwo, Alika

    (World Bank, Jakarta Country Office)

Abstract

Indonesia has been experiencing impressive economic growth and rapid urbanization in recent years. However, urbanization could affect income inequality through people’s movement from rural to urban areas. Using the 2010 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) in Indonesia, this study examines how monthly wages are distributed between male and female workers and tests whether a wage gap exists between them. Regression results reveal that urbanization tends to benefit male workers more favorably, in terms of monthly wages, than female workers. The wage gap tends to be wider among younger workers, particularly among those who are underemployed and severely underemployed. It is also greater among public sector workers than those in the private sector. Gender wage gap in Indonesia is mainly due to gender discrimination. An act to equalize opportunity and wages among workers, especially in the public sector, is proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Taniguchi, Kiyoshi & Tuwo, Alika, 2014. "New Evidence on the Gender Wage Gap in Indonesia," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 404, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0404
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Aleksandra Majchrowska & Paweł Strawiński, 2016. "Regional Differences in Gender Wage Gaps in Poland: New Estimates Based on Harmonized Data for Wages," Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, vol. 8(2), pages 115-141, June.
    2. Hal Hill, 2018. "Asia's Third Giant: A Survey of the Indonesian Economy," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 94(307), pages 469-499, December.
    3. Hal Hill, 2020. "Indonesian Living Standards over 50 Years: A Multidimensional Analysis," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 34(3), pages 249-274, September.
    4. Giang Nguyen, 2019. "Sibling-sex composition, childbearing and female labour market outcomes in Indonesia," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 36(1), pages 13-34, March.
    5. Shiba Shankar Pattayat & Jajati Keshari Parida & Kirtti Ranjan Paltasingh, 2023. "Gender Wage Gap among Rural Non-farm Sector Employees in India: Evidence from Nationally Representative Survey," Review of Development and Change, , vol. 28(1), pages 22-44, June.
    6. Paweenawat, Sasiwimon Warunsiri & Liao, Lusi, 2022. "Parenthood penalty and gender wage gap: Recent evidence from Thailand," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender; wage distribution; gender wage gap; Indonesia; urbanization; inclusive growth; migration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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