IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/109702.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Determinants of moonlighting in Ghana: an empirical investigation

Author

Listed:
  • Baah-Boateng, William
  • Adjei, Prince
  • Oduro, Abena

Abstract

The desire of workers to engage in moonlighting, a phenomenon of multiple job-holding is a reflection of some of the changing labour market outcomes. Public sector workers who suffered loss of jobs through public sector retrenchment and privatisation as part of Ghana’s economic reform resorted to holding more than one job to earn enough to avert any substantial drop in their living conditions. Despite the seemingly conspicuous existence of multiple job-holding in Ghana, much remains to be learnt about its determinants and characteristics of the phenomenon. This article employs the probit regression estimation technique based on the two most recent nationwide household surveys conducted in 1998/99 and 2005/06 to investigate the main determinants of moonlighting in Ghana. It provides empirical evidence to suggest that personal and household characteristics as well as location and labour market characteristics such as individual earnings and hours spent in the main job significantly influence an individual’s desire to engage in more than one job. The study concludes that apart from the financial motive that drives an individual’s decision to moonlight, the engagement of moonlighting on account of lower working hours in the individual’s main job could be a symptom of visible or time-related underemployment.

Suggested Citation

  • Baah-Boateng, William & Adjei, Prince & Oduro, Abena, 2013. "Determinants of moonlighting in Ghana: an empirical investigation," MPRA Paper 109702, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:109702
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/109702/1/MPRA_paper_109702.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Renna, Francesco & Oaxaca, Ronald L., 2006. "The Economics of Dual Job Holding: A Job Portfolio Model of Labor Supply," IZA Discussion Papers 1915, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Ian Hodge & Jessica Dunn & Sarah Monk & Maureen Fitzgerald, 2002. "Barriers to Participation in Residual Rural Labour Markets," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 16(3), pages 457-476, September.
    3. Smith Conway, Karen & Kimmel, Jean, 1998. "Male labor supply estimates and the decision to moonlight," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 135-166, June.
    4. Böheim, René & Taylor, Mark P., 2004. "And in the Evening She's a Singer with the Band – Second Jobs, Plight or Pleasure?," IZA Discussion Papers 1081, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Maxwell, Daniel G. & Levin, Carol E. & Armar-Klemesu, Margaret & Ruel, Marie T. & Morris, Saul Sutkover & Ahiadeke, Clement, 2000. "Urban livelihoods and food and nutrition security in Greater Accra, Ghana:," Research reports 112, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    6. Alessandra Guariglia & Byung-Yeon Kim, 2004. "Earnings uncertainty, precautionary saving, and moonlighting in Russia," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 17(2), pages 289-310, June.
    7. Priscila Casari, 2010. "Labor Supply in Brazil: an Analysis of the Second Job in the Urban and Rural Areas," Working papers - Textos para Discussao do Curso de Ciencias Economicas da UFG 019, Curso de Ciencias Economicas da Universidade Federal de Goias - FACE.
    8. Susan Averett, 2001. "Moonlighting: multiple motives and gender differences," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(11), pages 1391-1410.
    9. Paxson, Christina H & Sicherman, Nachum, 1996. "The Dynamics of Dual Job Holding and Job Mobility," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 14(3), pages 357-393, July.
    10. Foley, Mark C., 1997. "Multiple Job Holding in Russia During Economic Transition," Center Discussion Papers 28453, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
    11. Mark C. Foley, 1997. "Multiple Job Holding in Russia During Economic Transition," Working Papers 781, Economic Growth Center, Yale University.
    12. Jean Kimmel & Karen Smith Conway, 1995. "Who Moonlights and Why?: Evidence from the SIPP," Upjohn Working Papers 95-40, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    13. Dickey, Heather & Watson, Verity & Zangelidis, Alexandros, 2009. "What triggers multiple job holding? An experimental investigation," MPRA Paper 17575, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Krishnan, Pramila, 1990. "The Economics of Moonlighting: A Double Self-Selection Model," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 72(2), pages 361-367, May.
    15. Foley, M.C., 1997. "Multiple Job Holding in Russia During Economic Transition," Papers 781, Yale - Economic Growth Center.
    16. Van Der Gaag, J. & Stelcner, M. & Vijverberg, W., 1989. "Public-Private Sector Wage Comparisons And Moonlighting In Developing Countries," Papers 52, World Bank - Living Standards Measurement.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. William Baah-Boateng, 2013. "Determinants of Unemployment in Ghana," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 25(4), pages 385-399.
    2. Jacob Nunoo & Kwabena Nkansah Darfor & Isaac Koomson & Abigail Arthur, 2018. "Employment security and workers’ moonlighting behavior in Ghana," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 45(1), pages 144-155, January.
    3. Noor Jehan & Himayatullah Khan & Muhammad Arif, 2019. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers," Global Economics Review, Humanity Only, vol. 4(1), pages 22-32, March.
    4. Jacob Nunoo & Kwabena Nkansah Darfor & Isaac Koomson & Abigail Arthur, 2016. "Employment Security and Workers’ Moonlighting Behaviour in Ghana," Research Africa Network Working Papers 16/006, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    5. Noor Jehan, 2024. "What Matters for Second Job Pay in Higher Education in Northern Pakistan?," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 67(3), pages 783-800, September.
    6. William Baah-Boateng, 2016. "The youth unemployment challenge in Africa: What are the drivers?," The Economic and Labour Relations Review, , vol. 27(4), pages 413-431, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jacob Nunoo & Kwabena Nkansah Darfor & Isaac Koomson & Abigail Arthur, 2018. "Employment security and workers’ moonlighting behavior in Ghana," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 45(1), pages 144-155, January.
    2. Chung Choe & Ronald L. Oaxaca & Francesco Renna, 2018. "Constrained vs unconstrained labor supply: the economics of dual job holding," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 31(4), pages 1279-1319, October.
    3. Jacob Nunoo & Kwabena Nkansah Darfor & Isaac Koomson & Abigail Arthur, 2016. "Employment Security and Workers’ Moonlighting Behaviour in Ghana," Research Africa Network Working Papers 16/006, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    4. Georgios A. Panos & Konstantinos Pouliakas & Alexandros Zangelidis, 2014. "Multiple Job Holding, Skill Diversification, and Mobility," Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(2), pages 223-272, April.
    5. Gregory Gilpin, 2018. "Policy-induced School Calendar Changes and Teacher Moonlighting," CAEPR Working Papers 2018-009, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Department of Economics, Indiana University Bloomington.
    6. Ilias Livanos & Alexandros Zangelidis, 2012. "Multiple Job-holding among Male Workers in Greece," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(1), pages 119-135, March.
    7. Alessandra Guariglia & Byung‐Yeon Kim, 2006. "The dynamics of moonlighting in Russia," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 14(1), pages 1-45, March.
    8. Catalina Amuedo‐Dorantes & Jean Kimmel, 2009. "Moonlighting Over The Business Cycle," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 47(4), pages 754-765, October.
    9. Renna, Francesco & Oaxaca, Ronald L., 2006. "The Economics of Dual Job Holding: A Job Portfolio Model of Labor Supply," IZA Discussion Papers 1915, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Pouliakas, Konstantinos & Panos, Georgios & Zangelidis, Alexandros, 2009. "The Inter-Related Dynamics of Dual Job Holding, Human Capital and Occupational Choice," MPRA Paper 16859, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Zhongmin Wu & Mark Baimbridge & Yu Zhu, 2009. "Multiple job holding in the United Kingdom: evidence from the British Household Panel Survey," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(21), pages 2751-2766.
    12. Barry T. Hirsch & Muhammad M. Husain & John V. Winters, 2016. "Multiple job holding, local labor markets, and the business cycle," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-29, December.
    13. Sum Lo Simon Ming, 2023. "Desired work-leisure balance in a partial equilibrium job search model with multiple job holding," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 12(1), pages 1-43, December.
    14. Gregory Gilpin, 2020. "Policy‐Induced School Calendar Changes and Teacher Moonlighting," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 86(3), pages 989-1018, January.
    15. Etienne Lalé, 2019. "Search and Multiple Jobholding," Upjohn Working Papers 19-305, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    16. Alexander Muravyev, 2007. "Firm Size, Wages and Unobserved Skills: Evidence from Dual Job Holdings in the UK," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 681, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    17. Priscila Casari, 2010. "Labor Supply in Brazil: an Analysis of the Second Job in the Urban and Rural Areas," Working papers - Textos para Discussao do Curso de Ciencias Economicas da UFG 019, Curso de Ciencias Economicas da Universidade Federal de Goias - FACE.
    18. Noor Jehan & Himayatullah Khan & Muhammad Arif, 2019. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers," Global Economics Review, Humanity Only, vol. 4(1), pages 22-32, March.
    19. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Kimmel, Jean, 2005. "Moonlighting Behavior over the Business Cycle," IZA Discussion Papers 1671, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Namazie, Ceema Zahra, 2003. "The effect of unobservables on labour supply decisions: the formal and informal sector during transition," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 6329, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Moonlighting; Multiple job-holding; Employment; Earnings; Underemployment; Ghana;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:109702. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.