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Credit constraints and exports: Evidence for German manufacturing enterprises

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  • Joachim Wagner

    (Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany)

Abstract

This study uses newly available enterprise level data for firms from manufacturing industries in Germany to test for the link between credit constraints, measured by a credit rating score from the leading credit rating agency Creditreform, and exports. In line with hypotheses from theoretical model we find a positive link between a better credit rating score of a firm and both the probability that the firm is an exporter and a higher share of exports in total sales. This link, though statistically highly significant, is not very strong from an economic point of view. While empirical evidence for the hypothesis that credit constrained firms are less likely to start to export is at best weak, we find no evidence for a statistically significant difference in credit rating scores between firms that stopped to export and firms that continued to export.

Suggested Citation

  • Joachim Wagner, 2012. "Credit constraints and exports: Evidence for German manufacturing enterprises," Working Paper Series in Economics 251, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:lue:wpaper:251
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    Cited by:

    1. Filomena Pietrovito & Alberto Franco Pozzolo, 2021. "Credit constraints and exports of SMEs in emerging and developing countries," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(1), pages 311-332, January.
    2. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Credit Constraints and Exports: A Survey of Empirical Studies Using Firm Level Data," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 12, pages 401-421, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    3. Joachim Wagner, 2014. "Daten des IAB-Betriebspanels und Firmenpaneldaten aus Erhebungen der Amtlichen Statistik – substitutive oder komplementäre Inputs für die Empirische Wirtschaftsforschung? [Are data from the IAB Est," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 47(1), pages 63-70, March.
    4. Subash Sasidharan & M. Padmaja, 2018. "Do Financing Constraints Impact Outward Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from India," Asian Development Review, MIT Press, vol. 35(1), pages 108-132, March.
    5. Angelo Secchi & Federico Tamagni & Chiara Tomasi, 2016. "Financial constraints and firm exports: accounting for heterogeneity, self-selection, and endogeneity," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 25(5), pages 813-827.
    6. M. Padmaja & Subash Sasidharan, 2021. "Financing constraints and exports: evidence from India," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 45(1), pages 118-145, January.
    7. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Credit Constraints and Margins of Import: First Evidence for German Manufacturing Enterprises," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 13, pages 423-452, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    8. Gregory Corcos & Silviano Esteve-Pérez & Salvador Gil-Pareja & Yuanzhe Tang, "undated". "Firm-level export and import survival over the business cycle," Working Papers 2022-22, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    9. Van Tien Nguyen & Ngoc Thang Doan, 2023. "Open account, import decision and financial constraints: A cross‐country firm‐level study," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 3918-3937, October.
    10. Hans Lööf & Pardis Nabavi, 2016. "Innovation and credit constraints: evidence from Swedish exporting firms," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3), pages 269-282, April.
    11. Wagner, Joachim & Gelübcke, John P. Weche, 2013. "Credit Constraints, Foreign Ownership, and Foreign Takeovers in Germany," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 329, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies.
    12. Xiaobing Huang & Xiaolian Liu & Holger Görg, 2017. "Heterogeneous firms, financial constraints and export behaviour: A firm-level investigation for China," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(11), pages 2328-2353, November.
    13. Joachim Wagner, 2015. "Kombinierte Firmenpaneldaten – Datenangebot und Analysepotenziale," Working Paper Series in Economics 340, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    14. Saira Qasim & Marian Rizov & Xufei Zhang, 2021. "Financial constraints and the export decision of Pakistani firms," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(3), pages 4557-4573, July.
    15. Joachim Wagner & John P. Weche Gelübcke, 2015. "Access to finance, foreign ownership and foreign takeovers in Germany," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(29), pages 3092-3112, June.
    16. Lööf, Hans & Nabavi , Pardis, 2014. "How to Persistently Finance Innovation: A Panel-Data Study on Exporting Firms in Sweden," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 346, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies.
    17. Serap Coban, 2015. "Does the Financial Development Spur Export Performance? Evidence from Turkish Firm-Level Data," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(2), pages 434-440.
    18. Almila Burgac Cil & Fikret Dulger, 2018. "Financial Constraints, Firm Characteristics and Exports: Evidence from Turkish Manufacturing Firms," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(1), pages 168-174.
    19. Doan, Ngoc Thang & Vu, Thi Kim Chi & Nguyen, Thi Cam Thuy & Nguyen, Thi Hong Hai & Nguyen, Kieu Trang, 2020. "Cash-in-advance, export decision and financial constraints: Evidence from cross-country firm-level data," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 75-92.
    20. Murphy, Gavin & Siedschlag, Iulia, 2016. "Exporting under Financing Constraints: Firm-level Evidence from EU Countries," Papers WP530, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    21. Adriana Peluffo, 2016. "The role of investments in export growth," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 115-137, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Credit constraints; exports; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade

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