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Average wage, qualification of the workforce and export performance in German enterprises: evidence from KombiFiD data

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  • Joachim Wagner

Abstract

Empirische Untersuchungen mit Firmendaten der amtlichen Statistik verwenden oft den Durchschnittslohn als eine Proxy-Variable für die Qualifikation der Belegschaft. Der Grund dafür liegt zumeist darin, dass es in den Daten keine detaillierten Informationen über die Belegschaftsqualifikation gibt. Dieser Beitrag nutzt einen einzigartigen neu verfügbaren Datensatz für deutsche Industrieunternehmen aus dem KombiFiD-Projekt. In diesem Projekt wurden zum ersten Mal Informationen aus der Statistik der sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten mit Daten aus Erhebungen der Statischen Ämter kombiniert. Diese kombinierten Daten werden herangezogen um die Qualität der Proxyvariable Durchschnittslohnsatz zu überprüfen. Hierzu wird zunächst der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Durchschnittslohnsatz in einer Unternehmung und der Qualifikation der Belegschaft untersucht. Darüber hinaus wird gezeigt, dass detaillierte Angaben über die Qualifikation der Arbeitskräfte zu neuen Erkenntnissen über die Rolle der hochqualifizierten Beschäftigten für den Erfolg auf Exportmärkten führen, die sich aus einer Betrachtung der durchschnittlichen Lohnhöhe in der Firma nicht gewinnen lassen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass Datensätze, in denen Unternehmensinformationen aus verschiedenen Quellen kombiniert werden, für wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen breit verfügbar gemacht werden sollten. Copyright Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung 2012

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  • Joachim Wagner, 2012. "Average wage, qualification of the workforce and export performance in German enterprises: evidence from KombiFiD data," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 45(2), pages 161-170, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jlabrs:v:45:y:2012:i:2:p:161-170
    DOI: 10.1007/s12651-012-0106-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thorsten Schank & Claus Schnabel & Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Higher Wages in Exporting Firms: Self-selection, Export Effect, or Both? First Evidence from Linked Employer–Employee Data," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 6, pages 215-241, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    4. Chad Syverson, 2011. "What Determines Productivity?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 49(2), pages 326-365, June.
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    8. Thorsten Schank & Claus Schnabel & Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Do Exporters Really Pay Higher Wages? First Evidence from German Linked Employer–Employee Data," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 5, pages 177-213, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    13. Andrew Bernard & Joachim Wagner, 2001. "Export entry and exit by German firms," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 137(1), pages 105-123, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Joachim Wagner, 2014. "Credit constraints and exports: evidence for German manufacturing enterprises," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(3), pages 294-302, January.
    2. Joachim Wagner, 2017. "R&D Activities and Extensive Margins of Exports in Manufacturing Enterprises: First Evidence for Germany," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 232-244, May.
    3. Antoni, Manfred & Janser, Markus & Lehmer, Florian, 2015. "The hidden winners of renewable energy promotion: Insights into sector-specific wage differentials," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 595-613.
    4. Fernández-Olmos, Marta & Díez-Vial, Isabel, 2013. "Effect of firm’s resources on international diversification: An application in the Iberian Ham industry," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 196-208.
    5. Joachim Wagner, 2017. "Intra-good trade in Germany: a first look at the evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(57), pages 5753-5761, December.
    6. Jun Du & Yama Temouri, 2015. "High-growth firms and productivity: evidence from the United Kingdom," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 123-143, January.
    7. Wagner Joachim, 2016. "Still Different After All These Years Extensive and Intensive Margins of Exports in East and West German Manufacturing Enterprises," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 236(2), pages 297-322, March.
    8. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Credit Constraints and Margins of Import: First Evidence for German Manufacturing Enterprises," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 13, pages 423-452, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    9. Orlic, Edvard & Hashi, Iraj & Hisarciklilar, Mehtap, 2018. "Cross sectoral FDI spillovers and their impact on manufacturing productivity," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 777-796.
    10. Stephan Humpert, 2013. "Gender Differences in Life Satisfaction and Social Participation," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Kavala Campus, Greece, vol. 6(3), pages 123-142, December.
    11. Schwiebert, Jörg & Wagner, Joachim, 2015. "A Generalized Two-Part Model for Fractional Response Variables with Excess Zeros," VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy 113059, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    12. Arta Mulliqi & Nick Adnett & Mehtap Hisarciklilar & Artane Rizvanolli, 2018. "Human Capital and International Competitiveness in Europe, with Special Reference to Transition Economies," Eastern European Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(6), pages 541-563, November.
    13. Ahmed Fayez Abdelgouad, 2016. "Exporting and Workforce Skills-Intensity in the Egyptian Manufacturing Firms: Empirical Evidence Using World Bank Firm-Level Data for Egypt," Working Paper Series in Economics 358, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    14. Francisco Rodrigues & Nuno Tavares & Gabriel Osório Barros, 2021. "Drivers of exceptional job creation – a dynamic probit approach using portuguese firm-level data," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 20(1), pages 45-69, January.
    15. Campos-García, Irene & Muñoz-Bullón, Fernando & Sanchez-Bueno, Maria J. & Zúñiga-Vicente, José Angel, 2020. "Exploring the exporting-downsizing link: Does the type of export strategy and firm efficiency in foreign markets matter?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 324-336.
    16. Tjaša Bartolj, 2023. "Should Firms Strive for the Educational Diversity of the Workforce? Estimation of the Impact of Firms’ Educational Structure on Sales Growth and Exports," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440231, February.
    17. König Corinna & Sakshaug Joseph W. & Stegmaier Jens & Kohaut Susanne, 2021. "Trends in Establishment Survey Nonresponse Rates and Nonresponse Bias: Evidence from the 2001-2017 IAB Establishment Panel," Journal of Official Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 37(4), pages 931-953, December.
    18. Corinna König & Joseph W. Sakshaug, 2023. "Nonresponse trends in establishment panel surveys: findings from the 2001–2017 IAB establishment panel," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 57(1), pages 1-17, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Qualification of workforce; average wage; export; firm level data; C81; F14; J31;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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