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La rationalité simonienne : Interprétations et enjeux épistémologiques

Author

Listed:
  • BEJEAN, Sophie

    (Université de Bourgogne)

  • MIDY, Fabienne

    (CREDES)

  • PEYRON, Christine

    (Université de Bourgogne)

Abstract

Dès lors que l'on s'intéresse aux comportements individuels et que l'on adopte implicitement une démarche d'individualisme méthodologique, le recours à une hypothèse de rationalité individuelle est nécessaire. A côté de l'hypothèse traditionnelle de rationalité dite "substantielle" ou "substantive", d'autres conceptions de la rationalité des comportements individuels se déclinent dans la théorie économique, elles se rattachent souvent à l'hypothèse de "rationalité limitée" développée par Herbert Simon. Les interprétations de cette notion de rationalité limitée sont très diverses et parfois issues de lectures partielles ou superficielles des travaux de Herbert Simon. Par ailleurs, ces interprétations diverses de la rationalité simonienne se rattachent implicitement à des positions méthodologiques bien différentes : position vis-à-vis de l'individualisme méthodologique, conception des problèmes économiques, statut accordé à l'hypothèse de rationalité, nature du raisonnement économique... L'objet de cet article est donc d'une part de distinguer les différentes hypothèses de rationalité en précisant la pensée de Simon, grâce à une lecture approfondie de ses écrits et d'autre part de clarifier les différentes positions et implications épistémologiques et méthodologiques implicites au recours à telle ou telle hypothèse de rationalité. / Since economics focuses on individual behaviour and implicitly adopt a methodological individualism, an individual rationality hypothesis must be laid down. Beyond the usual substantive rationality hypothesis, others forms of individual rationality can be found in economics theory. They are often related to the Simon's bounded rationality hypothesis. In the economics literature the meanings of the bounded rationality hypothesis are obviously diverse and sometimes based on a partial or superficial readings of Simon's writings. Moreover, each one of these meanings is implicitly closely linked with a particular methodological and epistemological position. Based on careful readings of Simon's writings, this paper deals with the characteristic features of the different rationality hypothesis and related them to implicit epistemological choices.

Suggested Citation

  • BEJEAN, Sophie & MIDY, Fabienne & PEYRON, Christine, 1999. "La rationalité simonienne : Interprétations et enjeux épistémologiques," LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) 1999-14, LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne.
  • Handle: RePEc:lat:lateco:1999-14
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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