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Zuwanderung, Demografie und Arbeitsmarkt: Fakten statt Vorbehalte

Author

Listed:
  • Hinte, Holger

    (IZA)

  • Rinne, Ulf

    (IZA)

  • Zimmermann, Klaus F.

    (University of Bonn)

Abstract

Die öffentliche Debatte um Zuwanderung und Integration wird auch heute, ein halbes Jahrhundert nach dem Beginn der neueren Immigrationsgeschichte der Bundesrepublik, noch oft unsachlich geführt. Über die durchweg positiven Erfahrungen mit den ökonomischen Zusammenhängen von Migration, Arbeitsmarkt und Sozialstaat ist zu wenig allgemein bekannt, ebenso über die Vorteilhaftigkeit einer bedarfsorientierten Steuerung der Zuwanderung. Stattdessen finden populistische Thesen rund um eine vermeintlich zum Scheitern verurteilte Zuwandererintegration Widerhall, während zugleich eine ökonomische Kurskorrektur der Zuwanderungspolitik vielfach Skepsis hervorruft. Dieser Beitrag greift verbreitete Vorbehalte gegen Zuwanderung auf und widerlegt sie im Licht internationaler wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse. Eine gezielte Öffentlichkeitsarbeit „pro“ Zuwanderung kann und muss Vorbehalten durch klare Fakten begegnen. Dabei sollte dreierlei verdeutlicht werden: (1) Zuwanderung qualifizierter Arbeitskräfte bringt generell klare ökonomische Vorteile. (2) Obwohl in Deutschland bislang eher passiv hingenommen denn aktiv gestaltet, fällt auch die Bilanz für die jüngere deutsche Zuwanderungsgeschichte per Saldo günstig aus. (3) Mit den Mitteln einer aktiven und dabei steuernden Zuwanderungspolitik kann dafür gesorgt werden, dass künftig die Arbeitsmarktbelange bei der Entscheidung über Einwanderungsgenehmigungen stärker Beachtung finden. Dies wird die Wohlfahrtsvorteile durch Zuwanderung weiter vergrößern und ist ein wichtiges Fundament für eine noch größere Akzeptanz der Migranten in unserer Gesellschaft.

Suggested Citation

  • Hinte, Holger & Rinne, Ulf & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2011. "Zuwanderung, Demografie und Arbeitsmarkt: Fakten statt Vorbehalte," IZA Standpunkte 37, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izasps:sp37
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    1. Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2013. "Reflexionen zur Zukunft der Arbeit," IZA Standpunkte 56, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Demografischer Wandel; Punktesystem; Auswahlverfahren für Zuwanderer; Ungleichheit; Integration; Arbeitsmigration; Zuwanderungspolitik;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers

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