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Mehr ökonomische Rationalität in der Zuwanderungspolitik

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  • Holger Hinte
  • Klaus F. Zimmermann

Abstract

German immigration policy needs an economic foundation. The economic benefits of immigration should be systematically enhanced by implementing a points system for the selection of high-skilled workers as permanent immigrants, as well as a market-based process to regulate temporary labor migration. Germany must become more aware of the growing international competition for scarce skilled labor in the face of demographic change. Since the immigration situation has lost some of its edge in recent years, now is the time to set the stage for a transparent policy that actively attracts immigrants abroad while communicating the relevance of economic criteria for successful social integration at home. The new policy can build upon the achievements of existing legislation, such as the Immigration and Integration Act, and the Labor Migration Control Act. A conservative-liberal government coalition should feel particularly committed to applying market-economy principles in order to overcome the political shortcomings in this field and to gain societal support for this course. An immigration policy that puts Germany's economic interests at the core and abandons the failed reasoning of the past would result in welfare gains for all members of society, particularly in the wake of the global financial crisis. Die deutsche Zuwanderungspolitik benötigt dringend ein ökonomisches Profil. Der volkswirtschaftliche Nutzen von Einwanderung sollte einerseits durch ein Punkte-Auswahlsystem zur Selektion auf Dauer einreisender qualifizierter Arbeitsmigranten, andererseits durch ein marktorientiertes Verfahren zur Regelung befristeter Arbeitsmigration systematisch weiter vergrößert werden. Deutschland muss sich stärker bewusst werden, dass der aufgrund demographischer Umwälzungen unaufhaltsam heranziehende Fachkräftemangel eine neue Positionsbestimmung der Bundesrepublik im internationalen Wettbewerb um knappes Humankapital erfordert. Angesichts der gegenüber früheren Jahren längst deutlich "entschärften" Zuwanderungssituation geht es jetzt darum, die Weichen für eine transparente, nach außen offensiv um Zuwanderer werbende und nach innen sachlich die Relevanz ökonomischer Kriterien für die erfolgreiche soziale Integration kommunizierende neue Migrationspolitik zu stellen. Sie kann auf den Errungenschaften sowohl des geltenden Zuwanderungs- und Integrationsgesetzes als auch des Arbeitsmigrationssteuerungsgesetzes aufbauen und diese Gesetzgebung konsequent weiterentwickeln. Es wäre gerade Aufgabe einer konservativ-liberalen Regierung, die vorhandenen Defizite in diesem Politikfeld durch einen klaren marktwirtschaftlichen Kurs aufzuarbeiten. Gerade ihr sollte es auch leicht fallen, die Gesellschaft auf diesem Weg "mitzunehmen". Mit Hilfe einer Zuwanderungspolitik, die die wirtschaftlichen Interessen Deutschlands in den Mittelpunkt rückt und von Denkfehlern der Vergangenheit abrückt, lassen sich Wohlfahrtsgewinne für alle erzielen. Die Folgen der weltweiten Finanzkrise machen eine solche Politik nur noch notwendiger.

Suggested Citation

  • Holger Hinte & Klaus F. Zimmermann, 2010. "Mehr ökonomische Rationalität in der Zuwanderungspolitik," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 79(1), pages 85-100.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:79-1-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.79.1.85
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zimmermann, Klaus F. & Kahanec, Martin, 2008. "International Migration, Ethnicity and Economic Inequality," CEPR Discussion Papers 6797, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Kahanec, Martin & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2010. "High-Skilled Immigration Policy in Europe," IZA Discussion Papers 5399, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Buti,Marco & Deroose,Servaas & Gaspar,Vitor & Martins,João Nogueira (ed.), 2010. "The Euro," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9789279098420, October.
    4. Ulf Rinne & Klaus F. Zimmermann, 2009. "Schlechte Noten für deutsche Abschottungspolitik," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 76(26), pages 422-429.
    5. Klaus F. Zimmermann & Holger Bonin & Holger Hinte & René Fahr, 2007. "Immigration Policy and the Labor Market," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-540-68382-7, January.
    6. Bonin, Holger, 2006. "Der Finanzierungsbeitrag der Ausländer zu den deutschen Staatsfinanzen: Eine Bilanz für 2004," IZA Discussion Papers 2444, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Hinte, Holger & Rinne, Ulf & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2011. "Zuwanderung, Demografie und Arbeitsmarkt: Fakten statt Vorbehalte," IZA Standpunkte 37, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Hinte, Holger & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2010. "Agenda Zuwanderung: Zehn-Punkte-Aktionsplan des IZA für gesteuerte Arbeitsmigration und bessere Integration," IZA Standpunkte 32, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Hinte, Holger & Rinne, Ulf & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2011. "Ein Punktesystem zur bedarfsorientierten Steuerung der Zuwanderung nach Deutschland," IZA Research Reports 35, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Migration policy; Immigration Act; immigrant labor;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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