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Effets des infrastructures de transport sur le niveau et la localisation des activités économiques

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  • Florian Mayneris

    (Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) and UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES))

Abstract

Cet article fait le point sur la littérature récente examinant le lien entre infrastructures de transport et niveau et localisation des activités économiques. La théorie économique montre qu’en présence de rendements croissants, la baisse des coûts de transfert favorise la concentration, puis au‐delà d’un certain seuil, la re- dispersion spatiale des activités. Les études empiriques en forme réduite confirment l’existence d’effets hétérogènes en fonction des caractéristiques des territoires et des secteurs. Elles montrent également dans certains cas l’existence d’effets de déplacements et d’irréversibilité. Les travaux en équilibre général en sont encore à leurs débuts; le choix du modèle semble déterminant pour la nature des dynamiques spatiales prédites. Les avancées académiques récentes permettent une meilleure prise en compte dans l’évaluation socio‐économique des infrastructures de transport des effets de celles‐ci sur l’efficacité productive.

Suggested Citation

  • Florian Mayneris, 2017. "Effets des infrastructures de transport sur le niveau et la localisation des activités économiques," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2017023, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    • Handle: RePEc:ctl:louvir:2017023
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    File URL: https://sites.uclouvain.be/econ/DP/IRES/2017023.pdf
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    JEL classification:

    • R40 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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