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Cambio social en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX

Author

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  • Alejandro Gaviria

Abstract

Este artículo describe las principales transformaciones experimentadas por la sociedad colombiana durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Los cambios descritos fueron sustanciales. La esperanza de vida, la alfabetización y la urbanización convergieron hacia los valores observados en el mundo en desarrollo. La pobreza disminuyó de manera significativa. La condición de la mujer mejoró ostensiblemente, mucho más que en otros países latinoamericanos. La educación creció de manera rápida, especialmente durante los anos sesenta. Y la movilidad social también parece haber aumentado. Todo a pesar de un mediocre desempeno económico. A finales de siglo, sin embargo, la violencia, la desigualad y el desempleo habían alcanzado niveles muy altos tanto históricamente como en comparación con otros países de la región.

Suggested Citation

  • Alejandro Gaviria, 2010. "Cambio social en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX," Documentos CEDE 7714, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:007714
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    File URL: https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstream/handle/1992/8229/dcede2010-30.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gaviria, Alejandro & Stein, Ernesto H., 2000. "The Evolution of Urban Concentration around the World: A Panel Approach," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 1315, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. repec:idb:wpaper:414 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Pablo Astorga & Ame R. Berges & Valpy Fitzgerald, 2005. "The standard of living in Latin America during the twentieth century," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 58(4), pages 765-796, November.
    4. Claudia Goldin, 2006. "The Quiet Revolution That Transformed Women's Employment, Education, and Family," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 1-21, May.
    5. Alejandro Gaviria, 2004. "Visa Usa: Fortunas Y Extravíos De Los Emigrantes Colombianos En Los Estados Unidos," Documentos CEDE 3766, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    6. Gaviria, Alejandro, 2000. "Increasing returns and the evolution of violent crime: the case of Colombia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 1-25, February.
    7. Hanushek, Eric A., 2002. "Publicly provided education," Handbook of Public Economics, in: A. J. Auerbach & M. Feldstein (ed.), Handbook of Public Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 30, pages 2045-2141, Elsevier.
    8. Grant Miller, 2005. "Contraception as Development? New Evidence from Family Planning in Colombia," CID Working Papers 9, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
    9. Grant Miller, 2005. "Contraception as Development? New Evidence from Family Planning in Colombia," NBER Working Papers 11704, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Goldin, Claudia, 2006. "The Quiet Revolution That Transformed Women’s Employment, Education, and Family," Scholarly Articles 2943933, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    11. Alejandro Gaviria & Ernesto H. Stein, 2000. "The Evolution of Urban Concentration Around the World: A Panel Approach," Research Department Publications 4197, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Burgos Velasco, Juan Sebastián, 2023. "Lluvias, Servicios Públicos y Mortalidad Infantil en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 53, pages 81-112, December.
    2. Piedrahíta, Esteban & Pérez, Carlos Andrés & Londoño, Harold, 2017. "Mientras llegaba el futuro [While the future arrived]," MPRA Paper 90350, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Gonzalez-Salazar, Miguel Angel & Venturini, Mauro & Poganietz, Witold-Roger & Finkenrath, Matthias & L.V. Leal, Manoel Regis, 2017. "Combining an accelerated deployment of bioenergy and land use strategies: Review and insights for a post-conflict scenario in Colombia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 159-177.
    4. Juan Sebastian Munoz, 2014. "Re-estimating the Gender Gap in Colombian Academic Performance," Research Department Publications IDB-WP-469, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    5. Juan Sebastian Munoz, 2014. "Re-estimating the Gender Gap in Colombian Academic Performance," Research Department Publications IDB-WP-469, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    6. Roberto Angulo & Alejandro Gaviria & Liliana Morales, 2013. "La década ganada: evolución de la clase media y las condiciones de vida en Colombia, 2002-2011," Documentos CEDE 11895, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    7. Daniela Santos Cárdenas, 2017. "Faldas por pantalones: las obreras, la brecha salarial, y el sindicalismo femenino en la industria en Colombia en 1945," Documentos CEDE 15669, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    8. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo & Ana María Tribín-Uribe, 2020. "The path to gender equality in Colombia: Are we there yet?," Borradores de Economia 1131, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    fecundidad; educación; pobreza; distribución del ingreso y migración;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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