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Simultaneous Supplies of Dirty Energy and Capacity Constrained Clean Energy: Is there a Green Paradox?

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  • Marc Gronwald
  • Ngo Van Long
  • Luise Roepke

Abstract

We analyze the effects of two popular second-best clean energy policies, using an extended resource extraction framework. This model features, first, heterogeneous energy sources and, second, a capacity-constrained backstop technology. This setup allows for capturing the following two empirical observations. First, different types of energy sources are used simultaneously despite different production costs. Second, experiences from various European countries show that a further expansion of the use of climate friendly technologies faces substantial technological as well as political constraints. We use this framework to analyze if under two policy scenarios a so-called “Green Paradox” occurs. A subsidy for the clean energy as well as an expansion of the capacity of the clean energy are considered. The analysis shows that while both policy measures lead to a weak Green Paradox, a strong Green Paradox is only found for the capacity expansion scenario. In addition, the subsidy is found to be welfare enhancing while the capacity increase is welfare enhancing only if the cost of adding the capacity is sufficiently small. Nous analysons les effets de deux politiques encourageant l’énergie verte, en utilisant un cadre élargi d’extraction des ressources. Ce modèle comporte, d’une part, des sources d’énergie hétérogènes et, d’autre part, une technologie verte dont l’exploitation est sous une contrainte de capacité. Cette configuration permet de capturer les deux observations empiriques suivantes. Tout d’abord, plusieurs sources d’énergie sont utilisées simultanément malgré l’écart de coûts de production. Deuxièmement, les expériences de divers pays européens montrent qu’une expansion accrue de l’utilisation de technologies respectueuses du climat fait face à des contraintes technologiques et politiques importantes. Nous utilisons ce cadre pour analyser si sous deux scénarios de politique un soi-disant « Paradoxe Vert » se produit. Une subvention sur le coût de l’énergie verte ainsi qu’une expansion de la capacité de l’énergie verte sont prises en considération. L’analyse montre que tandis que les deux mesures politiques conduisent à un Paradoxe Vert faible, un Paradoxe Vert fort est seulement trouvé pour le scénario d’expansion de la capacité. En outre, la subvention améliore le bien-être, alors que l’accroissement de la capacité ne favorise le bien-être que si le coût d’ajout de la capacité est suffisamment faible.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc Gronwald & Ngo Van Long & Luise Roepke, 2016. "Simultaneous Supplies of Dirty Energy and Capacity Constrained Clean Energy: Is there a Green Paradox?," CIRANO Working Papers 2016s-61, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2016s-61
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    Cited by:

    1. Okullo, Samuel J. & Reynès, Frédéric & Hofkes, Marjan W., 2021. "(Bio-)Fuel mandating and the green paradox," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    2. Chiara Ravetti & Tania Theoduloz & Giulia Valacchi, 2020. "Buy Coal or Kick-Start Green Innovation? Energy Policies in an Open Economy," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 77(1), pages 95-126, September.
    3. Kengo Suzuki & Ryohei Ishiwata, 2022. "Impact of a Carbon Tax on Energy Transition in a Deregulated Market: A Game-Based Experimental Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Marc GRONWALD & Ngo Van LONG & Luise ROEPKE, 2017. "Three Degrees of Green Paradox: The Weak, The Strong, and the Extreme Green Paradox," Cahiers de recherche 02-2017, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ.
    5. Xiaoke Zhao & Xuhui Ding & Liang Li, 2021. "Research on Environmental Regulation, Technological Innovation and Green Transformation of Manufacturing Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
    6. Marc Gronwald & Ngo Long & Luise Roepke, 2017. "Simultaneous Supplies of Dirty Energy and Capacity Constrained Clean Energy: Is There a Green Paradox?," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 68(1), pages 47-64, September.
    7. Gerard Meijden & Frederick Ploeg & Cees Withagen, 2017. "Frontiers of Climate Change Economics," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 68(1), pages 1-14, September.
    8. Parton, Lee C. & Dundas, Steven J., 2020. "Fall in the sea, eventually? A green paradox in climate adaptation for coastal housing markets," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Capacity constraints; Green Paradox; Climate change; Simultaneous resource use; Contrainte de capacité; Paradoxe Vert; Changements climatiques; Utilisation simultanée des ressources;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q38 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Government Policy (includes OPEC Policy)
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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