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Transit Oriented Development’s Ridership Bonus: A Product of Self-Selection and Public Policies

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  • Cervero, Robert

Abstract

Transit oriented development is shown to produce an appreciable ridership bonus in California. This is partly due to residential self-selection – i.e., a life-style preference for transit-oriented living – as well as factors like employer-based policies that reduce free parking and automobile subsidies. Half-mile catchments of station areas appear to be indifference zones in the sense that residents generally ride transit regardless of local urban design attributes. Out-of-neighborhood attributes, like job accessibility and street connectivity at the destination, on the other hand, have a significant bearing on transit usage among station-area residents. The presence of self-selection, shown using nested logit modeling, underscores the importance of removing barriers to residential mobility so that households are able to sort themselves, via the marketplace, to locations wellserved by transit. Market-responsive zoning, flexible residential parking policies, location efficient mortgages, and adaptive re-use of parking lots are also promising tools for expanding the supply of transit-based housing.

Suggested Citation

  • Cervero, Robert, 2006. "Transit Oriented Development’s Ridership Bonus: A Product of Self-Selection and Public Policies," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt8jn8g0hc, University of California Transportation Center.
  • Handle: RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt8jn8g0hc
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cervero, Robert, 1993. "Ridership Impacts of Transit-Focused Development in California," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt8sr9d86r, University of California Transportation Center.
    2. Hensher, David A. & Greene, William H., 2002. "Specification and estimation of the nested logit model: alternative normalisations," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Cervero, Robert, 1994. "Transit-based housing in California: evidence on ridership impacts," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 1(3), pages 174-183, June.
    4. Richard Voith, 1991. "Transportation, Sorting and House Values," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 19(2), pages 117-137, June.
    5. Genevieve Giuliano & Kenneth A. Small, 1993. "Is the Journey to Work Explained by Urban Structure?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 30(9), pages 1485-1500, November.
    6. John Holtzclaw & Robert Clear & Hank Dittmar & David Goldstein & Peter Haas, 2002. "Location Efficiency: Neighborhood and Socio-Economic Characteristics Determine Auto Ownership and Use - Studies in Chicago, Los Angeles and San Francisco," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(1), pages 1-27, January.
    7. Kevin J. Krizek, 2003. "Transit supportive home loans: Theory, application, and prospects for smart growth," Housing Policy Debate, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(4), pages 657-677, January.
    8. Boarnet, Marlon G. & Crane, Randall, 1995. "Public Finance and Transit-Oriented Planning: New Evidence from Southern California," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt4v95x0tm, University of California Transportation Center.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jaeseok Her & Sungjin Park & Jae Seung Lee, 2016. "The Effects of Bus Ridership on Airborne Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentrations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-14, July.

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