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Transit-Oriented Development's Ridership Bonus: A Product of Self-Selection and Public Policies

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  • Robert Cervero

    (Department of City and Regional Planning, 228 Wurster Hall #1850, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1850, USA)

Abstract

Transit-oriented development is shown to produce an appreciable ridership bonus in California. This is partly due to residential self-selection—that is, a lifestyle preference for transit-oriented living—as well as factors like employer-based policies that reduce free parking and automobile subsidies. Half-mile catchments of station areas appear to be indifference zones in the sense that residents generally ride transit regardless of local urban design attributes. Out-of-neighborhood attributes, like job accessibility and street connectivity at the destination, on the other hand, have a significant bearing on transit usage among station-area residents. The presence of self-selection, shown using nested logit modeling, underscores the importance of removing barriers to residential mobility so that households are able to sort themselves, via the marketplace, to locations well served by transit. Market-responsive zoning, flexible residential parking policies, location efficient mortgages, and adaptive reuse of parking lots are also promising tools for expanding the supply of transit-based housing.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Cervero, 2007. "Transit-Oriented Development's Ridership Bonus: A Product of Self-Selection and Public Policies," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 39(9), pages 2068-2085, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:39:y:2007:i:9:p:2068-2085
    DOI: 10.1068/a38377
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cervero, Robert, 1993. "Ridership Impacts of Transit-Focused Development in California," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt8sr9d86r, University of California Transportation Center.
    2. John Holtzclaw & Robert Clear & Hank Dittmar & David Goldstein & Peter Haas, 2002. "Location Efficiency: Neighborhood and Socio-Economic Characteristics Determine Auto Ownership and Use - Studies in Chicago, Los Angeles and San Francisco," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(1), pages 1-27, January.
    3. Kevin J. Krizek, 2003. "Transit supportive home loans: Theory, application, and prospects for smart growth," Housing Policy Debate, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(4), pages 657-677, January.
    4. Genevieve Giuliano & Kenneth A. Small, 1993. "Is the Journey to Work Explained by Urban Structure?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 30(9), pages 1485-1500, November.
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    Cited by:

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