Taming the curse of dimensionality: quantitative economics with deep learning

We argue that deep learning provides a promising approach to addressing the curse of dimensionality in quantitative economics. We begin by exploring the unique challenges involved in solving dynamic equilibrium models, particularly the feedback loop between individual agents’ decisions and the aggregate consistency conditions required to achieve equilibrium. We then introduce deep neural networks and demonstrate their application by solving the stochastic neoclassical growth model. Next, we compare deep neural networks with traditional solution methods in quantitative economics. We conclude with a review of the applications of neural networks in quantitative economics and provide arguments for cautious optimism.