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Developing Automation and Mechanization for Specialty Crops: A Review of U.S. Department of Agriculture Programs: A Report to Congress

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  • Astill, Gregory
  • Perez, Agnes
  • Thornsbury, Suzanne

Abstract

At $64.7 billion, specialty crops comprised one-third of U.S. crop receipts and one-sixth of receipts for all agricultural products in 2017. Relative to other crops, many specialty crops are more dependent on agricultural labor for production, harvesting, and processing. Title VII, Section 7610 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 includes a request to identify programs of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) that accelerate the development and use of automation or mechanization in the production or processing of specialty crops. USDA has six such programs in the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) that funded $287.7 million (nominal) towards 213 projects from 2008 to 2018. USDA has three programs in Rural Development (RD) that funded $3.4 billion toward 280 projects from 2010 to 2018 to support the digital infrastructure needed for adoption of automation or mechanization. Each program is designed differently to achieve unique objectives: funding for specialty crop automation or mechanization projects is only a subcomponent of each program identified. The diverse purposes, origins, oversight, and funding mechanisms of these programs have implications for how research areas are prioritized and funded.

Suggested Citation

  • Astill, Gregory & Perez, Agnes & Thornsbury, Suzanne, 2020. "Developing Automation and Mechanization for Specialty Crops: A Review of U.S. Department of Agriculture Programs: A Report to Congress," Administrative Publications 320792, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersap:320792
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.320792
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zahniser, Steven & Taylor, J. Edward & Hertz, Thomas & Charlton, Diane, 2018. "Farm Labor Markets in the United States and Mexico Pose Challenges for U.S. Agriculture," Economic Information Bulletin 281161, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Cattaneo, Andrea & Hellerstein, Daniel & Nickerson, Cynthia J. & Myers, Christina, 2006. "Balancing the Multiple Objectives of Conservation Programs," Economic Research Report 7257, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    1. Calvin, Linda & Martin, Philip & Simnitt, Skyler, 2022. "Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries," USDA Miscellaneous 323872, United States Department of Agriculture.
    2. Calvin, Linda & Martin, Philip & Simnitt, Skyler, 2022. "Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries," Economic Information Bulletin 327354, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Rana Shahzad Noor & Fiaz Hussain & Muhammad Umair & Muhammad Umar Farooq & Abu Saad & Yong Sun, 2020. "Silage Corn Production Under Different Planting Methods In Rainfed Agriculture System: An Energy Analysis," Big Data In Agriculture (BDA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 2(1), pages 32-35:2, August.
    4. Castillo, Marcelo & Simnitt, Skyler & Astill, Gregory & Minor, Travis, 2021. "Examining the Growth in Seasonal Agricultural H-2A Labor," Economic Information Bulletin 327365, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    5. Alicia L. Rihn & Margarita Velandia & Laura A. Warner & Amy Fulcher & Susan Schexnayder & Anthony LeBude, 2023. "Factors correlated with the propensity to use automation and mechanization by the US nursery industry," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 110-130, January.
    6. McFadden, Jonathan & Njuki, Eric & Griffin, Terry, 2023. "Precision Agriculture in the Digital Era: Recent Adoption on U.S. Farms," USDA Miscellaneous 333550, United States Department of Agriculture.

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