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Trade Defense Actions in Arab Countries Free Trade Agreements with the U.S: The Case of Safeguards

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  • Malkawi, Bashar H.

Abstract

The only import relief mechanisms available under the U.S.-Arab countries FTAs are safeguard measures. These FTAs do not include provisions on antidumping and countervailing duties.The present article consists of an analysis of the safeguard measures incorporated in the U.S.-Arab countries FTAs. Specifically, the article will outline the standards-injury and causation- used to apply safeguard measures. Furthermore, the article illustrates remedies available for domestic industries and duration of these remedies. The article also presents the issue of global safeguard measures and the exclusion of imports of parties in the FTAs from global safeguard actions. Finally, the article will address special safeguard measures for selected sectors namely textile and agriculture. The article concludes by arguing that the presence of safeguard measures in any FTA is necessary to facilitate the transition to a liberalized trade regime and accommodate the needs of domestic industries in the face of increased competition from other industries in trading partners. However, survey of U.S.-Arab countries FTAs demonstrates the great influence the U.S. exerted in articulating the safeguard provisions with no or little consideration of the needs of Arab countries and their domestic industries. A flexible safeguard regime should be adopted.

Suggested Citation

  • Malkawi, Bashar H., 2016. "Trade Defense Actions in Arab Countries Free Trade Agreements with the U.S: The Case of Safeguards," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 17(1), pages 16-40.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:205815
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/205815/1/Trade%20Defense%20Actions.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bown, Chad P., 2002. "Why are safeguards under the WTO so unpopular?," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(1), pages 47-62, March.
    2. Finger, J. Michael, 2010. "A Special Safeguard Mechanism for Agricultural Imports: what experience with other GATT/WTO safeguards tells us about what might work," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(2), pages 289-318, April.
    3. P. K. M. Tharakan, 2000. "The Problem of Anti-Dumping Protection and Developing Country Exports," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2000-198, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    safeguard measures; international trade; WTO; US-Jordan Free Trade Agreement;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F19 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Other
    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration

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