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Public transit and air pollution: Evidence from Canadian transit strikes

Author

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  • Nicholas Rivers
  • Soodeh Saberian
  • Brandon Schaufele

Abstract

Little is known about the causal impacts of public transit on local air pollution. Exploiting variation in transit availability resulting from transit strikes in 18 Canadian cities between 1974 and 2011, this study identifies the short‐run effect of public transit on air pollution. Our findings indicate that transit leads to a 3.5 part per billion increase in nitrogen oxides while having no statistically significant effect on carbon monoxide or PM2.5. Estimates are robust to a series of specification tests and magnitudes are consistent with a calibrated simulation model. Overall, the results suggest that expanding the current configuration of public transit in North American cities is unlikely to yield improvements in local air quality. Transports publics et pollution de l’air : l’exemple des grèves canadiennes. Il existe peu d’informations sur l’effet causal des transports publics sur la pollution de l’air à l’échelle locale. En exploitant les variations au niveau de la disponibilité des transports publics à la suite de grèves dans 18 villes canadiennes entre 1974 et 2011, cette étude identifie l’effet à court terme des transports publics sur la pollution de l’air. Nos résultats montrent que les transports publics génèrent une augmentation de 3,5 parties par milliard d’oxyde d’azote, sans avoir d’effet statistiquement significatif sur les taux de monoxyde de carbone ou de particules fines type PM2.5. Nos estimations sont robustes à une série de tests de spécification, et les mesures sont cohérentes relativement à un modèle de simulation calibré. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats suggèrent que l’expansion des transports publics en Amérique du Nord, dans leur configuration actuelle, n’améliorera probablement pas la qualité de l’air à l’échelle locale.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas Rivers & Soodeh Saberian & Brandon Schaufele, 2020. "Public transit and air pollution: Evidence from Canadian transit strikes," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 53(2), pages 496-525, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:53:y:2020:i:2:p:496-525
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12435
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    6. Jing Sun & Muhammad Safdar Sial & Dasong Deng & Darina Saxunova & Ahsanuddin Haider & Mohammed Arshad Khan, 2022. "The Significance of Urban Rail Transit Systems in Mitigating Air Pollution Effects: The Case of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-10, October.

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